Reconstruction:Proto-Georgian-Zan/max-

This Proto-Georgian-Zan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Georgian-Zan

Etymology

Compare Proto-Northeast Caucasian *mūqV (“barley”).

Noun

*max(a)-

1. common wheat

Descendants

• Georgian: მახა (maxa)
• Zan:
  • Laz: მოხა (moxa)
  • ⇒ Mingrelian: მოხაში (moxaši, toponym)

References

• Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 117–118
• Penrixi (Fähnrich), Hainc, Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Tbilisi Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani State University Press, page 321
• Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 283
• Nikolaev, Sergei L., Starostin, Sergei A. (1994) “*mūqV”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary‎^[1], Moscow: Asterisk Publishers
• Čuxua, Merab (2007) Iberiul-ičkeriul enata šedarebiti gramaṭiḳa [Ibero-Ichkerian Comparative Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Tbilisi State University Press, page 410, reconstructs Proto-Kartvelian *max-al- connecting it with Svan *მახარ (*maxar, “barley”); the connection is later retracted. The Svan term is seemingly a ghost word.
• Kiria, Č̣abuḳi, Ezugbaia, Lali, Memišiši, Omar, Čuxua, Merab (2015) Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 816