Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/unwerþaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *un- +‎ *werþaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un.ˈwer.θɑz/

Adjective

*unwerþaz

1. unworthy

Inflection

Declension of *unwerþaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*unwerþaz	*unwerþō	*unwerþą, -atō		*unwerþai	*unwerþôz	*unwerþō
accusative	*unwerþanǭ	*unwerþǭ	*unwerþą, -atō		*unwerþanz	*unwerþōz	*unwerþō
genitive	*unwerþas, -is	*unwerþaizōz	*unwerþas, -is		*unwerþaizǫ̂	*unwerþaizǫ̂	*unwerþaizǫ̂
dative	*unwerþammai	*unwerþaizōi	*unwerþammai		*unwerþaimaz	*unwerþaimaz	*unwerþaimaz
instrumental	*unwerþanō	*unwerþaizō	*unwerþanō		*unwerþaimiz	*unwerþaimiz	*unwerþaimiz
Weak declension
	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*unwerþô	*unwerþǭ	*unwerþô		*unwerþaniz	*unwerþōniz	*unwerþōnō
accusative	*unwerþanų	*unwerþōnų	*unwerþô		*unwerþanunz	*unwerþōnunz	*unwerþōnō
genitive	*unwerþiniz	*unwerþōniz	*unwerþiniz		*unwerþanǫ̂	*unwerþōnǫ̂	*unwerþanǫ̂
dative	*unwerþini	*unwerþōni	*unwerþini		*unwerþammaz	*unwerþōmaz	*unwerþammaz
instrumental	*unwerþinē	*unwerþōnē	*unwerþinē		*unwerþammiz	*unwerþōmiz	*unwerþammiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *unwerþ
  • Old English: unweorþ; unwierþe, unwyrþe
    • Middle English: unwurth, unworth; unwurthe
      • English: unworth; (unworthy)
  • Old Saxon: *unwerth
    • Middle Low German: unwert, unwērt
      • German Low German: unweert
  • Old Dutch: *unwerth
    • Middle Dutch: onwert, onweert, onwaert
      • Dutch: onwaard
  • Old High German: unwerd
    • Middle High German: unwërt
      • German: unwert
• Gothic: *𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐍃 (*unwairþs) (see the derived adverb 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌱𐌰 (unwairþaba))