Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-dʰrom
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Variant of *-trom.
Sometimes hypothesized to have developed from assimilation to a preceding voiced aspirate[1] (compare Bartholomae's law in Indo-Iranian). Sihler describes this as the usual explanation and considers it "the only remotely plausible" one if the *t- forms of the suffix are original, but says it is problematic, noting that this form of the suffix is not attested in contexts like Greek λέκτρον (léktron) (from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-) even though, under this hypothesis, the *-dʰ-initial variants would have originated in words like this.[2]
Based on the contexts in which it occurs, Olsen 1988 argues that it actually originated from coalescence of a voiceless laryngeal (*h₁ or *h₂) with the following *-t-, initially resulting in a voiceless aspirate, which is proposed to have merged with the outcome of voiced aspirates in the languages in which this allomorph is attested.[3]
Suffix
[edit]*-dʰrom n
- Alternative form of *-trom
Inflection
[edit]| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *-dʰrom | ||
| genitive | *-dʰrosyo | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *-dʰrom | *-dʰroy(h₁) | *-dʰreh₂ |
| vocative | *-dʰrom | *-dʰroy(h₁) | *-dʰreh₂ |
| accusative | *-dʰrom | *-dʰroy(h₁) | *-dʰreh₂ |
| genitive | *-dʰrosyo | *? | *-dʰroHom |
| ablative | *-dʰread | *? | *-dʰromos, *-dʰrobʰos |
| dative | *-dʰroey | *? | *-dʰromos, *-dʰrobʰos |
| locative | *-dʰrey, *-dʰroy | *? | *-dʰroysu |
| instrumental | *-dʰroh₁ | *? | *-dʰrōys |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ The Proto-Indo-European Instrument Noun Suffix *-tlom and its Variants, Birgit Anette Olsen, 1988. §0.2 page 4
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 201
- ^ Olsen, 1988. §9, pages 37-38