Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷḗn

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*gʷḗn f (oblique stem *gʷnéh₂-)

woman

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*gʷénh₂s
genitive	*gʷnéh₂s
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gʷénh₂s	*gʷénh₂h₁(e)	*gʷénh₂es
vocative	*gʷḗn	*gʷénh₂h₁(e)	*gʷénh₂es
accusative	*gʷénh₂m̥	*gʷénh₂h₁(e)	*gʷénh₂m̥s
genitive	*gʷnéh₂s	*?	*gʷnéh₂oHom
ablative	*gʷnéh₂s	*?	gʷnéh₂mos, gʷnéh₂bʰos
dative	*gʷnéh₂ey	*?	gʷnéh₂mos, gʷnéh₂bʰos
locative	gʷnéh₂, gʷnéh₂i	*?	*gʷnéh₂su
instrumental	*gʷnéh₂h₁	*?	gʷnéh₂mis, gʷnéh₂bʰis

Derived terms

*gʷēn-i-^[1]
- Proto-Germanic: *kwēniz (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Anatolian: *gʷón-
- Luwian: 𒉿𒈾𒀜𒋾𒅖 (/⁠wanattis⁠/)
Armenian:
- Old Armenian: կին (kin)
  - Armenian: կին (kin)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *génāˀ (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *benā (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *kwenǭ^[2] (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *gʷənā (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰánHs, *gnáHs (see there for further descendants)
Phrygian: κναικα (knaika)
Proto-Tocharian: *ćänā^[3] (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kwēni-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 316-317: “gʷēn-i- (DRV?)”
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kwenōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 317
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “śana”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 676–677