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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/HéHḱus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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    Adjective

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    *HéHḱus[1][2]

    1. swift, quick

    Reconstruction notes

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    • The common reconstruction *h₁óh₁ḱus relies on an assumption that this adjective is related to *h₁éḱwos (“horse”).[3] Zair dismisses this reconstruction for requiring an unparalleled o-grade for an *-us adjective, and prefers to leave the laryngeals unknown.
    • If not reconstructed as *h₁óh₁ḱus, then at least one of the laryngeals must be *h₃ and neither of them can be *h₂ (i.e. *h₃-h₁-, *h₁-h₃- or *h₃-h₃-).[1][2]

    Inflection

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    Athematic, proterokinetic
    masculine feminine
    nominative *HéHḱus *HHḱéwih₂
    genitive *HHḱéws *HHḱuyéh₂s
    masculine singular dual plural
    nominative *HéHḱus *HéHḱuh₁(e) *HéHḱewes
    vocative *HéHḱu *HéHḱuh₁(e) *HéHḱewes
    accusative *HéHḱum *HéHḱuh₁(e) *HéHḱums
    genitive *HHḱéws *? *HHḱéwoHom
    ablative *HHḱéws *? *HHḱúmos, *HHḱúbʰos
    dative *HHḱéwey *? *HHḱúmos, *HHḱúbʰos
    locative *HHḱéw, *HHḱéwi *? *HHḱúsu
    instrumental *HHḱúh₁ *? *HHḱúmis, *HHḱúbʰis
    feminine singular dual plural
    nominative *HHḱéwih₂ *HHḱéwih₂h₁(e) *HHḱéwih₂es
    vocative *HHḱéwih₂ *HHḱéwih₂h₁(e) *HHḱéwih₂es
    accusative *HHḱéwih₂m̥ *HHḱéwih₂h₁(e) *HHḱéwih₂m̥s
    genitive *HHḱuyéh₂s *? *HHḱuyéh₂oHom
    ablative *HHḱuyéh₂s *? *HHḱuyéh₂mos, *HHḱuyéh₂bʰos
    dative *HHḱuyéh₂ey *? *HHḱuyéh₂mos, *HHḱuyéh₂bʰos
    locative *HHḱuyéh₂, *HHḱuyéh₂i *? *HHḱuyéh₂su
    instrumental *HHḱuyéh₂h₁ *? *HHḱuyéh₂mis, *HHḱuyéh₂bʰis
    neuter singular dual plural
    nominative *HéHḱu *HéHḱwih₁ *HéHḱuh₂
    vocative *HéHḱu *HéHḱwih₁ *HéHḱuh₂
    accusative *HéHḱu *HéHḱwih₁ *HéHḱuh₂
    genitive *HHḱéws *? *HHḱéwoHom
    ablative *HHḱéws *? *HHḱúmos, *HHḱúbʰos
    dative *HHḱéwey *? *HHḱúmos, *HHḱúbʰos
    locative *HHḱéw, *HHḱéwi *? *HHḱúsu
    instrumental *HHḱúh₁ *? *HHḱúmis, *HHḱúbʰis

    Alternative reconstructions

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    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    References

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    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zair, Nicholas (2012), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 25: “*h1/3eh1/3k̂-u-”
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 77: “*h₃eHḱ- or *Heh₃ḱ”
    3. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “ōcior”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 424
    4. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1677-1678
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*às(ъ)trę̄bъ; *às(ъ)trě̄bъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 29: “m. o (a) ‘hawk’”
    6. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*dī-ākV-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 97-98
    7. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 330

    Further reading

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    • Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 200-1
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