Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁régʷos
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *h₁regʷ- (“to be dark”) + *-os (action or result suffix).
Noun
[edit]*h₁régʷos n (oblique stem *h₁régʷes-)[1][2][3][4]
- darkness
- Synonyms: *témHos, *(s)ḱeh₃ih₂
Inflection
[edit]| Athematic, acrostatic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *h₁régʷos | ||
| genitive | *h₁régʷesos | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *h₁régʷos | *h₁régʷesih₁ | *h₁régʷōs |
| vocative | *h₁régʷos | *h₁régʷesih₁ | *h₁régʷōs |
| accusative | *h₁régʷos | *h₁régʷesih₁ | *h₁régʷōs |
| genitive | *h₁régʷesos | *? | *h₁régʷesoHom |
| ablative | *h₁régʷesos | *? | *h₁régʷesmos, *h₁régʷesbʰos |
| dative | *h₁régʷesey | *? | *h₁régʷesmos, *h₁régʷesbʰos |
| locative | *h₁régʷes, *h₁régʷesi | *? | *h₁régʷesu |
| instrumental | *h₁régʷesh₁ | *? | *h₁régʷesmis, *h₁régʷesbʰis |
Derived terms
[edit]- *h₁regʷesyéti (“to get dark”)
- *h₁régʷenih₂
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HráǰaniH
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hráȷ́aniH
- Sanskrit: रजनी (rájanī)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hráȷ́aniH
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HráǰaniH
Descendants
[edit]- Armenian:
- Proto-Germanic: *rekwaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: Ἔρεβος (Érebos)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hráǰas
References
[edit]- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*rekwi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 409: “*h₁regʷ-es-”
- ^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 387: “erek 'evening' *h₁regʷos 'darkness' (cp. Greek érebos)”
- ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “erek”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 259-261: “erek(o)- < *h₁regʷos”
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἔρεβος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 451-452: “h₁regʷ-os- 'darkness'”