Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ráyas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Likely from the BMAC substrate.

Noun

*ȷ́ráyas n

1. expanse, vastness
2. ocean

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́ráyas
  • Sanskrit: ज्रयस् (jráyas)
• Proto-Iranian: *jráyah
  • Central Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (zraiiah), 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬢𐬵 (zraiiaŋh, gen.sg.)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Sogdian:

      Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫡𐫏 (zry /⁠zrē⁠/)

  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: زرا (zirā)
    • Kurdish:

      Central Kurdish: زەریا (zerya)

      Northern Kurdish: zirya, zerîya, zirê, zerya

      Southern Kurdish: دەڵیا (dellya)

      Laki:

    • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      • Caspian:
        • Gilaki: [script needed] (deryā)
        • Mazanderani: دریو (deryō)
      • Parthian:

        Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫡𐫏𐫆 (zryẖ /⁠zrēh⁠/), 𐫉𐫡𐫏𐫏 (zryy /⁠zrēh⁠/), 𐫉𐫡𐫆 (zrẖ /⁠zirh⁠/)

        • → Middle Persian:

          Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (zlyh /⁠zrēh⁠/)

          • Persian: زراه (zerâh, zerâh, zarâh)
      • Proto-Tatic:
        • Talysh:

          Northern Talysh: dıyo

          Southern Talysh: دیو (dəyo), زریه (zeryə) (in some regional)

        • Old Tati:
          • Harzani: دریو (daryö)
          • Karingani: دریو (daryu)
      • Zazaki: deryay
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎭𐎼𐎹 (d-r-y /⁠draya⁠/)
      • Lurish:

        Northern Luri: دریا (diryā)

        Bakhtiari: دریا (diryā)

      • Middle Persian:

        Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫡𐫏𐫀𐫁 (dryʾb /⁠drayāb⁠/)

        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dlydʾp̄ /⁠drayāb⁠/)

        • Persian: دریا (daryâ)