Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/jā́nu

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́nu, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu.

Noun

*jā́nu n

knee

Inflection

neuter u-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jā́nu	*jánwiH	*jā́nuH
vocative	*jā́nu	*jánwiH	*jā́nuH
accusative	*jā́nu	*jánwiH	*jā́nuH
instrumental	*jnúH	*jnúbʰyā(m)	*jnúbʰiš
ablative	*jnáwš	*jnúbʰyā(m)	*jnúbʰyah
dative	*jnáway	*jnúbʰyā(m)	*jnúbʰyah
genitive	*jnáwš	*jnuwā́h	*jnuHnáHam
locative	*jnā́w	*jnuwáw	*jnúšu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬰𐬁𐬥𐬎 (zānu), 𐬲𐬥𐬏𐬨 (žnūm, “knee”, acc.pl.)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] (ysānū)
- Ossetian: зоныг (zonyg)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Khwarezmian: [script needed] (z’nwk)
  - Proto-Sogdic: *zā́nukā (see there for further descendants)
Southeastern Iranian
- Ormuri-Parachi:
  - Ormuri: [script needed] (zānū)
  - Parachi: zânū
- Pamir:
  - Ishkashimi: [script needed] (zung)
  - Shughni: zun
- Pashto: زانو (zānú), زنګون (zengewn)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Parthian: [script needed] (zʾnwg /⁠zānūg⁠/)
  - → Middle Persian: [script needed] (zʾnwg /⁠zānūg⁠/)
    - Classical Persian: زانو (zānū)
      - Iranian Persian: زانو (zânu)
      - Tajik: зону (zonu)
    - → Northern Luri: زۆنی (zøni)