Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wafrah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wapras.

Noun

*wafrah m

1. snow

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wafrah	*wafrā(w)	*wafrāh(ah)
vocative	*wafra	*wafrā(w)	*wafrāh(ah)
accusative	*wafram	*wafrā(w)	*wafrānh
instrumental	*wafraH	*wafraybʰyā(m)	*wafrāyš
ablative	*wafrāt	*wafraybʰyā(m)	*wafraybʰyah
dative	*wafrāy	*wafraybʰyā(m)	*wafraybʰyah
genitive	*wafrahya	*wafrayāh	*wafrānaHam
locative	*wafray	*wafrayaw	*wafrayšu

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬟𐬭𐬀 (vafra)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (baura)
    • Wakhi: (/⁠warf⁠/)

      Arabic script: ورف

      Cyrillic script: в̌арф (v̌arf)

      Latin script: warf

  • Sogdic:
    • Sogdian: (/⁠wafrā⁠/)

      Sogdian script: 𐼴𐼱𐽀𐼳‎ (wβrh‎)

      Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫜𐫡𐫀 (wfrʾ)

    • Yaghnobi: барф (barf) (May be from Persian)
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Ormuri-Parachi:
    • Ormuri: غوښر (γōṣ̌r), غوښ (γōṣ̌)
    • Parachi: غرپ (γarp)
  • Pashto: واوره (wāwra)
  • Yidgha: [script needed] (wafrō)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Baluchi: برپ (barp), برف (barf)
  • Kurdish:

    Northern Kurdish: berf (barf), befr (bafr)

    Central Kurdish: بەفر (bafr), بەور (bawr)

    Southern Kurdish: وەفر (wafr)

    Laki: ڤەڕ (vař), ڤەفر (vafr)

  • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
    • Caspian
      • Gilaki: ورف (vərf)
      • Old Mazanderani: ورف (warf)
        • Mazanderani: ورف (varf)
    • Komisenian
      • Sangisari: ورف (varf)
    • Old Median:
      • Middle Median: *warfah
        • Kermanic:
          • Yazdi: ورپ (varp)
          • Zoroastrian Dari: وفره (vafra)
        • Tafreshi:
          • Amorehi: ورفه (varfa)
          • Ashtiani: ورف (varf)
          • Kahaki: ورفه (varfa)
          • Vafsi: فرف (farf)
        • Tatic:
          • Talysh: (/⁠varf⁠/)

            Arabic script: ورف

            Latin script: vərf

        • Old Azari: وهر (wahr)
          • Karingani: ور (var)
          • Harzani: وهور (vohor)
      • Parthian: (/⁠wafr⁠/)

        Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫜𐫡 (wfr)

      • Zaza-Gurani:
        • Zazaki: vewre (vawra), vewire (vawīra)
        • Gurani: ۋەرۋە (ʋarʋa), ڤەفر (vafr)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: *vafrah
    • Larestani: وفره (vafrah), وفر (vafr), بفر (bafr), برف (barf)
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠wafr⁠/)

      Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫛𐫡 (wpr)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wpl)

      • Lurish

        Bakhtiari: برف (barf)

        Northern Luri: برف (barf)

        Southern Luri: برف (barf)

      • Classical Persian: برف (barf)

        Dari: برف (barf)

        Iranian Persian: برف (barf)

        Tajik: барф (barf)