Reconstruction:Proto-Kra/x-maᴬ

This Proto-Kra entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Kra

Noun

*x-maᴬ

1. dog

Descendants

• Lachi
  • Lachi (Tân Lợi): nji⁰ m⁴⁵, njum⁴⁵, nu⁰ m⁴⁵, num⁴⁵
  • Lachi (Jinchang): ljou⁵³ m⁴⁴, m⁴⁴
• Gelao
  • Telue
    • Gelao (Fengyan): m̥⁵⁵
    • Gelao (Yueliangwan): la³³ m̥⁵⁵
    • Gelao (Niupo): ṃɯ³¹
    • Gelao (Judu): m̥ɯ³¹
    • Gelao (Moji): məu³¹
    • Gelao (Wantao): maɯ³¹
  • Hakhi
    • Gelao (Zhenfeng): hɯŋ³⁵
    • Gelao (Sanchong): hm̩³⁵
    • Gelao (Heijiaoyan): heŋ⁵⁵
  • Qau
    • Gelao (Wanzi): mpau³³
    • Gelao (Dagouchang): mpau³³
  • A'ou
    • Gelao (Bigong): ŋəɯ³¹
    • Gelao (Hongfeng): ʔa⁴² ʔuŋ⁴², ʔa⁴² ŋ⁴², ʔa⁴³ ŋ̍⁴³
    • Mulao: naŋ²⁴
  • Vandu
    • Red Gelao (Vietnam): xaŋ⁵⁵
    • Red Gelao: xaŋ⁴⁴, xaŋ⁵⁵ xaŋ⁵⁵
• Qabiao: hma⁵³
  • Qabiao (Phó Là): mha¹
• Laha
  • Laha (Ta Mit): ba²⁴³
  • Laha (Noong Lay): ma⁴²³
• Buyang
  • Paha: ma³¹

Buyang forms for 'dog' are borrowed from Sino-Tibetan:

• Buyang (Langjia): qoi²⁴
• Buyang (Yalang): uui⁵³
• Buyang (Ecun): ʔuːi³³

References

• Ostapirat, Weera (2000) “Proto-Kra”, in Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area‎^[1], volume 23, number 1, pages 1-251.
• Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.