Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bolьnica
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic[edit]
Alternative reconstructions[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From *bolьnъ (“sick, ill”) + *-ica, from *bolь (“pain”). Comparable to *bolьnikъ m (“sick man”).
Noun[edit]
*bolьnica f[1]
- (East and South Slavic) sick woman
Reconstruction notes[edit]
The semantics of the “hospital, institutions where people are treated” is secondary (post-Proto-Slavic) and represents an inter-Slavic book borrowing (from Church Slavonic and Russian).[1] However, in Old Church Slavonic *больница (*bolĭnica) is not attested.
Inflection[edit]
Declension of *bolьnica (soft a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *bolьnica | *bolьnici | *bolьnicę̇ |
| genitive | *bolьnicę̇ | *bolьnicu | *bolьnicь |
| dative | *bolьnici | *bolьnicama | *bolьnicamъ |
| accusative | *bolьnicǫ | *bolьnici | *bolьnicę̇ |
| instrumental | *bolьnicejǫ, *bolьnicǫ** | *bolьnicama | *bolьnicami |
| locative | *bolьnici | *bolьnicu | *bolьnicasъ, *bolьnicaxъ* |
| vocative | *bolьnice | *bolьnici | *bolьnicę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants[edit]
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- >? Old Church Slavonic:
- Church Slavonic: больни́ца (bolĭníca, “place in the monastery for the sick”)[2] (<? больнъ (bolĭnŭ, “sick”) + -ица (-ica))
- → Bulgarian: бо́лница (bólnica, “hospital”)
- → Macedonian: болница (bolnica, “hospital”)
- → Old East Slavic: больница (bolĭnica, “infirmary, hospital (usually at a monastery)”)
- Old Ruthenian: больница (bolʹnica), болница (bolnica, “asylum; hospital”)
- Russian: больни́ца (bolʹníca, “hospital”)
- → Romanian: bolniță (dated)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Slovene: bọ̑lnica (“hospital”) (tonal orthography)
- Bulgarian: болни́ца (bolníca, “sick woman”) (archaic)
- Macedonian: болница (bolnica, “sick woman”)
- Church Slavonic: больни́ца (bolĭníca, “place in the monastery for the sick”)[2] (<? больнъ (bolĭnŭ, “sick”) + -ица (-ica))
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: bolníca (“sick, patient (female)”) (tonal orthography)
- >? Old Church Slavonic:
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*boľьnica”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 194
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dyachenko, Grigory M. (1900) “больни́ца”, in Полный церковнославѧнскій словарь [Complete Church Slavonic Dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: Typography Wilde, page 55: “больница – др. рус. = больная женщина. ― bolʹnica – dr. rus. = bolʹnaja ženščina.”
