Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yogun

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *yogu- (“to knead”) +‎ *-un. The stem is not attested in Turkic but compare Proto-Mongolic *nïku- (“to knead”). EDAL tries to connect it with Proto-Mongolic *jujaxan (“thick”) however that has a phonetic problem with *-j-.

Adjective

*yogun

1. (Common Turkic) thick, dense

   Synonyms: *kalïŋ, *koyug

   Antonym: *yīnčge

Related terms

• *yogu-r- (“to knead”)
  • ⇒ *yogur-gan (“blanket”)

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: yoğun
• Proto-Oghuz: *yoɣan
  • West Oghuz:
    • Azerbaijani: yoğun
    • Ottoman Turkish: یوغون (yoğun), یوغن (yoğun)
      • Turkish: yoğun
      • → Armenian: եօղուն (eōġun)
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: ýogȳn
    • Salar: yoğan
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: یُغُونْ (yoɣun)
    • Chagatai: یوغون (yoɣun), یوغان (yoɣan)
      • Uyghur: يوغان (yoghan)
      • Uzbek: yoʻgʻon
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: йыуан (yıwan)
    • Tatar: юан (yuan)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: жуан (juan)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жоон (joon)
    • Southern Altai: јоон (ǰoon)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰆𐰍𐰣 (yoɣun)
    • Old Uyghur: ywqwn (yoɣun)
      • Western Yugur: joɣən
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: һуон (huon)
    • Yakut: суон (suon)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: чоон (çoon)
      • Tofa: нёон (ńoon)
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: чоон (çoon)
      • Shor: чоон (çoon)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 904
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “yoğun”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 205
• Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, pages 208-209
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*yogan”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill