Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yogurgan

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *yogur- (“to knead”) +‎ *-gan, the descendants point to a *yogurkan, this is due to a natural development of the consonant cluster *-rg- to *-rk-. Clauson states that the semantics are not obvious, but may makes sense with *yogun (“thick, dense”) in mind.

Noun

*yogurgan

1. (Common Turkic) blanket

Declension

Declension of *yogurgan

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*yogurgan
Accusative	*yogurgannï, *yogurganïg 4), *yogurgannïg 1)
Genitive	*yogurgannïŋ
Dative	*yogurganka
Locative	*yogurganta
Ablative	*yogurgantan
Allative	*yogurgangaru
Instrumental 2)	*yogurganïn
Equative 2)	*yogurganča
Similative 2)	*yogurganlayu
Comitative 2)	*yogurganlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

• Common Turkic:
  • Arghu
    • Khalaj: yorğân
  • Proto-Oghuz:
    • West Oghuz:
      • Azerbaijani: yorğan
      • Ottoman Turkish: یورغان (yorğan)
        • Turkish: yorgan
        • → Albanian: jorgan
        • → Armenian: յորղան (yorġan)
        • → Bulgarian: юрган (jurgan)
        • Kurdish:

          → Northern Kurdish: yurẍan

        • → Macedonian: јорган (jorgan)
        • → Laz: ჲორღანი (yorğani)
        • → Romanian: iorgan
        • → Serbo-Croatian:

          Cyrillic script: јо̀рган

          Latin script: jòrgan

    • East Oghuz:
      • Turkmen: ýorgan
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: یُغُرْقان (yuɣurqan)
      • Chagatai: یوورقاب (yuvurqan)
        • Uyghur: يوتقان (yotqan)
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: юрған (yurğan)
      • Tatar: юрган (yurgan)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: yorğan
      • Karachay-Balkar: джууургъан (cuuurğan)
      • Kumyk: ювургъан (yuwurğan)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Nogai: ювыркан (yuvırkan), юркан (yurkan)
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: жууркан (juurkan)
      • Southern Altai: јууркан (ǰuurkan)
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic:
      • Old Uyghur: ywqwrqʾn (yoɣurqan)
    • North Siberian:
      • Dolgan: һуорган (huorgan)
      • Yakut: суорҕан (suorğan)
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan Turkic:
        • Tofa: чоорһан (çoorhan)
        • Tuvan: чоорган (çoorgan)
      • Yenisei:
        • Khakas: чорған (çorğan)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 907
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 205
• Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, pages 225-226
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*yogurgan”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[2], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill