Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/tinä

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This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Uralic

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Etymology

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Frequently compared with its equivalents in other language families of Eurasia, such as Proto-Indo-European *túh₂, Northern Yukaghir тэт (tet), Proto-Mongolic *či. Most of these comparisons would require an earlier form to be *ti.

Reconstruction

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The Samic and Mordvinic reflexes suggest a variant *tun, of unclear origin. In some sources, the Samoyedic forms have also been considered to derive from this. However, according to Janhunen (2013), its inflection indicates an earlier front-vocalic form, implying that only a single variant *tinä is to be reconstructed for Proto-Uralic.

Pronoun

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*tinä (plural *te)

  1. you, thou

Descendants

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  • Proto-Samoyedic: *tən (see there for further descendants)
  • Ugric:
    • Hungarian: te
  • Proto-Permic: *tɛn (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Mari: *tĭńə (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Mordvinic: *ton (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Samic: *tonë (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Finnic: *cinä (stem *cinu-) (see there for further descendants)

References

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  • Janhunen, Juha. 2013. "Personal pronouns in core Altaic". In: Robbeets, Martine; Cuyckens, Hubert (eds.) Shared Grammaticalization. With special focus on the Transeurasian languages. John Benjamins.
  • Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
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