capituler

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin capitulāre.

Pronunciation

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Verb

capituler

1. to surrender; to capitulate (to give oneself up into the power of another)

   Les nazis ont été contraints à capituler.

   The Nazis were forced to surrender.

Conjugation

Conjugation of capituler (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	capituler
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	capitulant /ka.pi.ty.lɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		capitulé /ka.pi.ty.le/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	capitule /ka.pi.tyl/	capitules /ka.pi.tyl/	capitule /ka.pi.tyl/	capitulons /ka.pi.ty.lɔ̃/	capitulez /ka.pi.ty.le/	capitulent /ka.pi.tyl/
	imperfect	capitulais /ka.pi.ty.lɛ/	capitulais /ka.pi.ty.lɛ/	capitulait /ka.pi.ty.lɛ/	capitulions /ka.pi.ty.ljɔ̃/	capituliez /ka.pi.ty.lje/	capitulaient /ka.pi.ty.lɛ/
	past historic2	capitulai /ka.pi.ty.le/	capitulas /ka.pi.ty.la/	capitula /ka.pi.ty.la/	capitulâmes /ka.pi.ty.lam/	capitulâtes /ka.pi.ty.lat/	capitulèrent /ka.pi.ty.lɛʁ/
	future	capitulerai /ka.pi.tyl.ʁe/	capituleras /ka.pi.tyl.ʁa/	capitulera /ka.pi.tyl.ʁa/	capitulerons /ka.pi.tyl.ʁɔ̃/	capitulerez /ka.pi.tyl.ʁe/	capituleront /ka.pi.tyl.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	capitulerais /ka.pi.tyl.ʁɛ/	capitulerais /ka.pi.tyl.ʁɛ/	capitulerait /ka.pi.tyl.ʁɛ/	capitulerions /ka.pi.ty.lə.ʁjɔ̃/	capituleriez /ka.pi.ty.lə.ʁje/	capituleraient /ka.pi.tyl.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	capitule /ka.pi.tyl/	capitules /ka.pi.tyl/	capitule /ka.pi.tyl/	capitulions /ka.pi.ty.ljɔ̃/	capituliez /ka.pi.ty.lje/	capitulent /ka.pi.tyl/
	imperfect2	capitulasse /ka.pi.ty.las/	capitulasses /ka.pi.ty.las/	capitulât /ka.pi.ty.la/	capitulassions /ka.pi.ty.la.sjɔ̃/	capitulassiez /ka.pi.ty.la.sje/	capitulassent /ka.pi.ty.las/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	capitule /ka.pi.tyl/	—	capitulons /ka.pi.ty.lɔ̃/	capitulez /ka.pi.ty.le/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• capitulation
• récapituler

Further reading

• “capituler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• particule
• picturale