Irish
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
ciap (present analytic ciapann, future analytic ciapfaidh, verbal noun ciapadh, past participle ciaptha)
- (transitive) harass, annoy
- (transitive) torment
Conjugation
|
|
singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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| first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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| indicative
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present
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ciapaim
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ciapann tú;
ciapair†
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ciapann sé, sí
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ciapaimid
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ciapann sibh
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ciapann siad;
ciapaid†
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a chiapann; a chiapas /
a gciapann*; a gciapas*
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ciaptar
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| past
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chiap mé; chiapas
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chiap tú; chiapais
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chiap sé, sí
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chiapamar; chiap muid
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chiap sibh; chiapabhair
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chiap siad; chiapadar
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a chiap /
ar chiap*
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ciapadh
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| past habitual
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chiapainn / gciapainn‡‡
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chiaptá / gciaptᇇ
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chiapadh sé, sí / gciapadh sé, s퇇
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chiapaimis; chiapadh muid / gciapaimis‡‡; gciapadh muid‡‡
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chiapadh sibh / gciapadh sibh‡‡
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chiapaidís; chiapadh siad / gciapaidís‡‡; gciapadh siad‡‡
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a chiapadh /
a gciapadh*
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chiaptaí / gciapta퇇
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| future
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ciapfaidh mé;
ciapfad
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ciapfaidh tú;
ciapfair†
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ciapfaidh sé, sí
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ciapfaimid;
ciapfaidh muid
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ciapfaidh sibh
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ciapfaidh siad;
ciapfaid†
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a chiapfaidh; a chiapfas /
a gciapfaidh*; a gciapfas*
|
ciapfar
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| conditional
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chiapfainn / gciapfainn‡‡
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chiapfá / gciapfᇇ
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chiapfadh sé, sí / gciapfadh sé, s퇇
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chiapfaimis; chiapfadh muid / gciapfaimis‡‡; gciapfadh muid‡‡
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chiapfadh sibh / gciapfadh sibh‡‡
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chiapfaidís; chiapfadh siad / gciapfaidís‡‡; gciapfadh siad‡‡
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a chiapfadh /
a gciapfadh*
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chiapfaí / gciapfa퇇
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| subjunctive
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present
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go gciapa mé;
go gciapad†
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go gciapa tú;
go gciapair†
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go gciapa sé, sí
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go gciapaimid;
go gciapa muid
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go gciapa sibh
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go gciapa siad;
go gciapaid†
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—
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go gciaptar
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| past
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dá gciapainn
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dá gciaptá
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dá gciapadh sé, sí
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dá gciapaimis;
dá gciapadh muid
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dá gciapadh sibh
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dá gciapaidís;
dá gciapadh siad
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—
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dá gciaptaí
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| imperative
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ciapaim
|
ciap
|
ciapadh sé, sí
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ciapaimis
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ciapaigí;
ciapaidh†
|
ciapaidís
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—
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ciaptar
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| verbal noun
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ciapadh
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| past participle
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ciaptha
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*indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation
| Irish mutation
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| Radical
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Lenition
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Eclipsis
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| ciap
|
chiap
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gciap
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| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
|
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ciap”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ciap”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “ciap”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Polish
Pronunciation
Noun
ciap
- genitive plural of ciapa
