puzgõtõ
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Votic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *puskat'ak.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
puzgõtõ
- (transitive) to gore, butt (with horns)
- (transitive) to sting (e.g. of a bee)
Inflection[edit]
| Conjugation of puzgõtõ (type IV/vasatõ, sk-zg gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | puskan | en puska | 1st singular | õõn puzgõnnu | en õõ puzgõnnu |
| 2nd singular | puskad | ed puska | 2nd singular | õõd puzgõnnu | ed õõ puzgõnnu |
| 3rd singular | puskab | eb puska | 3rd singular | on puzgõnnu | eb õõ puzgõnnu |
| 1st plural | puskammõ | emmä puska | 1st plural | õõmmõ puzgõnnu | emmä õõ puzgõnnu |
| 2nd plural | puskattõ | että puska | 2nd plural | õõttõ puzgõnnu | että õõ puzgõnnu |
| 3rd plural | puzgata | eväd puska | 3rd plural | õlla puzgõttu | eväd õõ puzgõttu |
| impersonal | puzgata | eväd puska | impersonal | õlla puzgõttu | eväd õõ puzgõttu |
| Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | puskõzin | en puzgõnnu | 1st singular | õlin puzgõnnu | — |
| 2nd singular | puskõzid | ed puzgõnnu | 2nd singular | õlid puzgõnnu | — |
| 3rd singular | puskõzi | eb puzgõnnu | 3rd singular | õli puzgõnnu | — |
| 1st plural | puskõzimmõ | emmä puzgõnnu | 1st plural | õlimmõ puzgõnnu | — |
| 2nd plural | puskõzittõ | että puzgõnnu | 2nd plural | õlittõ puzgõnnu | — |
| 3rd plural | puzgõtti | eväd puzgõttu | 3rd plural | õlti puzgõttu | — |
| impersonal | puzgõtti | eväd puzgõttu | impersonal | õlti puzgõttu | — |
| Conditional | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | puskõizin | en puskõizʹ | 1st singular | õllõizin puzgõnnu | en õllõizʹ puzgõnnu |
| 2nd singular | puskõizid | ed puskõizʹ | 2nd singular | õllõizid puzgõnnu | ed õllõizʹ puzgõnnu |
| 3rd singular | puskõizʹ | eb puskõizʹ | 3rd singular | õllõizʹ puzgõnnu | eb õllõizʹ puzgõnnu |
| 1st plural | puskõizimmõ | emmä puskõizʹ | 1st plural | õllõizimmõ puzgõnnu | emmä õllõizʹ puzgõnnu |
| 2nd plural | puskõizittõ | että puskõizʹ | 2nd plural | õllõizittõ puzgõnnu | että õllõizʹ puzgõnnu |
| 3rd plural | puzgõttaizʹ | eväd puzgõttaizʹ | 3rd plural | õltaizʹ puzgõttu | eväd õltaizʹ puzgõttu |
| impersonal | puzgõttaizʹ | eväd puzgõttaizʹ | impersonal | õltaizʹ puzgõttu | eväd õltaizʹ puzgõttu |
| Imperative | |||||
| Present | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | — | — | |||
| 2nd singular | puska | elä puska | |||
| 3rd singular | puzgõtko | elko puzgõtko | |||
| 1st plural | — | — | |||
| 2nd plural | puzgatka | elka puzgatka | |||
| 3rd plural | puzgõtkod | — | |||
| impersonal | — | — | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitives | Participles | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | puzgõtõ | present | puskajõ1) | — | |
| 2nd | illative | puskama | past | puzgõnnu | puzgõttu |
| inessive | puskamõz | 1) also used as the agent noun | |||
| elative | puskamõssõ | ||||
| abessive | puskamõttõ | ||||
References[edit]
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “puzgata”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn