runtuh

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay runtuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zatuq.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈruntuh/ [ˈrun̪.t̪ʊh]
• Rhymes: -untuh
• Syllabification: run‧tuh

Verb

runtuh (intransitive)

1. to collapse, to fall apart
2. to slide down
3. to cave in

Derived terms

• keruntuhan
• meruntuh
• meruntuhi
• meruntuhkan
• peruntuh
• peruntuhan
• reruntuhan
• runtuhan

Further reading

• “runtuh”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Alternative forms

• runtoh (informal, pronunciation spelling)

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zatuq.

Pronunciation

• (Literary Standard) IPA^(key): /ˈruntuh/ [ˈrun̪.t̪uh]

• (Southern Peninsular Malaysia Standard) IPA^(key): /ˈruntoh/ [ˈrun̪.t̪oh]
• Hyphenation: run‧tuh

Verb

runtuh (Jawi spelling رونتوه)

1. (intransitive) to collapse

   Synonyms: amberuk (Batavian Malay), amberol (Batavian Malay), jelabak, rampak (Minangkabau Malay), rahak (Selangor), ranap, rebak (Perak), reban (Northern Peninsula), roboh, terbis (archaic), tumbang

2. (figurative) to perish

   Synonyms: binasa, hancur, jahanam, ledos (Batavian Malay), musnah, ripuk

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• keruntuhan [resemblance / passive] (ke-an)
• runtuhkan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
• meruntuh [agent focus] (meN-)
• meruntuhkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• runtuh-rantah (“to crumble”)
• harga runtuh (“giveaway price during certain season”)
• runtuh ripuk (“to completely perish”)

Descendants

• > Baba Malay: rentuh (inherited)
• > Indonesian: runtuh (inherited)

Further reading

• "runtuh" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "runtuh" at PRPM first version)