tunduk

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtʊn.dʊʔ/
• Rhymes: -dʊʔ
• Hyphenation: tún‧dúk

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay tunduk. Although this word seems related to tujuh (also tuduh, tuju, tunjuk, and telunjuk), it actually comes from a different source. Dempwolff (1938) reconstructed the source of this word (Uraustronesisch) as *tunduk. Doublet of runduk.

Verb

tunduk (active menunduk, reflexive passive tertunduk, imperative tunduk, emphatic-jussive tunduklah)

1. (intransitive) to bow (to bend oneself as a gesture of respect or deference)
2. (intransitive, figurative, by extension)
   1. to surrender; to yield (to give up into the power, control, or possession of another)
   2. to submit (to yield or give way to another)

Derived terms

• ketertundukan
• ketundukan
• penundukan
• petunduk
• tertunduk
• tunduk-tunduk
• tundukkan

Related terms

• runduk

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?].

Noun

tunduk (uncountable)

1. the traditional calendar of the Sumedang people to determine auspicious days for activities such as weddings, circumcisions, or rice field cultivation, in the form of a flat wooden surface, measuring 27 cm long and 13.5 cm wide. [since 2025]

Further reading

• “tunduk”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016