γαγγλίον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“round, swollen”), like Latin galla (“oak apple”). However, Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin, comparing the word with ᾰ̓́γλῑς (áglīs, “clove of garlic”), γέλγῐς (gélgis, “clove of garlic”) and γᾰ́λῐνθοι (gálinthoi, “chickpeas”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡaŋ.ɡlí.on/ → /ɣaŋˈɡli.on/ → /ɣaŋˈɡli.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡaŋ.ɡlí.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡaŋˈɡli.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣaŋˈɡli.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣaŋˈɡli.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣaŋˈɡli.on/

Noun

γᾰγγλῐ́ον • (ganglíon) n (genitive γᾰγγλῐ́ου); second declension

1. (oncology) encysted tumour on a tendon or aponeurosis

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ γᾰγγλῐ́ον; τοῦ γᾰγγλῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ γᾰγγλῐ́ον tò ganglíon	τὼ γᾰγγλῐ́ω tṑ ganglíō	τᾰ̀ γᾰγγλῐ́ᾰ tà ganglía
Genitive	τοῦ γᾰγγλῐ́ου toû ganglíou	τοῖν γᾰγγλῐ́οιν toîn ganglíoin	τῶν γᾰγγλῐ́ων tôn ganglíōn
Dative	τῷ γᾰγγλῐ́ῳ tôi ganglíōi	τοῖν γᾰγγλῐ́οιν toîn ganglíoin	τοῖς γᾰγγλῐ́οις toîs ganglíois
Accusative	τὸ γᾰγγλῐ́ον tò ganglíon	τὼ γᾰγγλῐ́ω tṑ ganglíō	τᾰ̀ γᾰγγλῐ́ᾰ tà ganglía
Vocative	γᾰγγλῐ́ον ganglíon	γᾰγγλῐ́ω ganglíō	γᾰγγλῐ́ᾰ ganglía
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• γᾰγγλῐώδης (gangliṓdēs, adjective)

Descendants

• → English: ganglion

References

• “γαγγλίον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Further reading

• γαγγλίον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γαγγλίον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN