χράομαι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• χρέομαι (khréomai) — Ionic

Etymology

χρή (khrḗ) +‎ -άω (-áō).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰrá.o.mai̯/ → /ˈxra.o.mɛ/ → /ˈxra.o.me/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰrá.o.mai̯/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰra.o.mɛ/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈxra.o.mɛ/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈxra.o.me/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈxra.o.me/

Verb

χρᾰ́ομαι • (khráomai)

1. (in perfect, κέχρημαι, with present sense)
   1. desire, yearn after [with genitive ‘something, someone’]
   2. to need, lack [with genitive ‘something’]
   3. (in perfect and pluperfect) to enjoy a benefit, have [with dative ‘something’]
2. (in present or perfect, mainly after Homer)
   1. to use, make use of, take part in, manage, administer, etc. [with dative ‘something’]
   2. to experience, suffer, be subject to, feel
   3. with verbal nouns, periphrasis for the verb related to the noun
   4. to use [with dative ‘something’ and dative ‘for something’]
   5. to deal with
   6. to treat [with dative ‘someone’] in a particular way

Inflection

   Present: χρῶμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	χρῶμαι	χρῇ	χρῆται	χρῆσθον	χρῆσθον	χρώμεθᾰ	χρῆσθε	χρῶνται
	subjunctive	χρῶμαι	χρῇ	χρῆται	χρῆσθον	χρῆσθον	χρώμεθᾰ	χρῆσθε	χρῶνται
	optative	χρῴμην	χρῷο	χρῷτο	χρῷσθον	χρῴσθην	χρῴμεθᾰ	χρῷσθε	χρῷντο
	imperative		χρῶ	χρήσθω	χρῆσθον	χρήσθων		χρῆσθε	χρήσθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						χρῆσθαι
participle	m					χρώμενος
	f					χρωμένη
	n					χρώμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἐχρώμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐχρώμην	ἐχρῶ	ἐχρῆτο	ἐχρῆσθον	ἐχρήσθην	ἐχρώμεθᾰ	ἐχρῆσθε	ἐχρῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἐχρησᾰ́μην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἐχρησᾰ́μην	ἐχρήσω	ἐχρήσᾰτο	ἐχρήσᾰσθον	ἐχρησᾰ́σθην	ἐχρησᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐχρήσᾰσθε	ἐχρήσᾰντο
	subjunctive	χρήσωμαι	χρήσῃ	χρήσηται	χρήσησθον	χρήσησθον	χρησώμεθᾰ	χρήσησθε	χρήσωνται
	optative	χρησαίμην	χρήσαιο	χρήσαιτο	χρήσαισθον	χρησαίσθην	χρησαίμεθᾰ	χρήσαισθε	χρήσαιντο
	imperative		χρῆσαι	χρησᾰ́σθω	χρήσᾰσθον	χρησᾰ́σθων		χρήσᾰσθε	χρησᾰ́σθων
					middle
infinitive					χρήσᾰσθαι
participle	m				χρησᾰ́μενος
	f				χρησᾰμένη
	n				χρησᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: κέχρημαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	κέχρημαι	κέχρησαι	κέχρηται	κέχρησθον	κέχρησθον	κεχρήμεθᾰ	κέχρησθε	κέχρηνται
	subjunctive	κεχρημένος ὦ	κεχρημένος ᾖς	κεχρημένος ᾖ	κεχρημένω ἦτον	κεχρημένω ἦτον	κεχρημένοι ὦμεν	κεχρημένοι ἦτε	κεχρημένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	κεχρημένος εἴην	κεχρημένος εἴης	κεχρημένος εἴη	κεχρημένω εἴητον/εἶτον	κεχρημένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	κεχρημένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	κεχρημένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	κεχρημένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		κέχρησο	κεχρήσθω	κέχρησθον	κεχρήσθων		κέχρησθε	κεχρήσθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						κεχρῆσθαι
participle	m					κεχρημένος
	f					κεχρημένη
	n					κεχρημένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Pluperfect: ἐκεχρήμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐκεχρήμην	ἐκέχρησο	ἐκέχρητο	ἐκέχρησθον	ἐκεχρήσθην	ἐκεχρήμεθᾰ	ἐκέχρησθε	ἐκέχρηντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ἐπιχράομαι (epikhráomai)

Further reading

• “χράω (B)”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “χράομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “χράομαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• G5530 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible