प्रुष्वा

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• প্ৰুষ্বা (Assamese script)
• ᬧ᭄ᬭᬸᬱ᭄ᬯᬵ (Balinese script)
• প্রুষ্বা (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰲𑰬𑰿𑰪𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀼𑀱𑁆𑀯𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• ပြုၑွာ (Burmese script)
• પ્રુષ્વા (Gujarati script)
• ਪ੍ਰੁਸ਼੍ਵਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑍁𑌷𑍍𑌵𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦿꦸꦰ꧀ꦮꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂳𑂭𑂹𑂫𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಪ್ರುಷ್ವಾ (Kannada script)
• ប្រុឞ្វា (Khmer script)
• ປ຺ຣຸຩ຺ວາ (Lao script)
• പ്രുഷ്വാ (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡵᡠᢢᠣᠸᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘳𑘬𑘿𑘪𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠷᠤᢔᢦ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧔𑧌𑧠𑧊𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐸𑐲𑑂𑐰𑐵 (Newa script)
• ପ୍ରୁଷ୍ଵା (Odia script)
• ꢦ꣄ꢬꢸꢰ꣄ꢮꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆶𑆰𑇀𑆮𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑗜𑖬𑖿𑖪𑖯 (Siddham script)
• ප්‍රුෂ‍්වා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩒𑪀 𑪙𑩾𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚰𑚶𑚦𑚭 (Takri script)
• ப்ருஷ்வா (Tamil script)
• ప్రుష్వా (Telugu script)
• ปฺรุษฺวา (Thai script)
• པྲུ་ཥྭཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒫𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨃𑨯𑩇𑨭𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root प्रुष् (pruṣ, “to sprinkle, shower, wet, moisten”), from Proto-Indo-European *prews-.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɾuʂ.ʋɑ́ː/, /pɾúʂ.ʋɑː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈpɾuʂ.ʋɑː/

Noun

प्रुष्वा • (pruṣvā́ or prúṣvā) stem, f

1. hoarfrost, rime, ice

   Synonym: हिम (hima)

   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 5.3.4.16.1:

     अथ प्रुष्वा गृह्णाति ।

     atha pruṣvā gṛhṇāti.

     He then takes the hoarfrost.

   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 25.9:

     विधृ॑तिं॒ नाभ्या॑ धृ॒तँ रसे॑ना॒पो यू॒ष्णा मरी॑चीर्वि॒प्रुड्भि॑र्नीहा॒रमू॒ष्मणा॑ शी॒नं वस॑या॒ प्रुष्वा॒ अश्रु॑भिर्ह्रा॒दुनी॑र्दू॒षीका॑भिर॒स्ना रक्षाँ॑सि चि॒त्राण्यङ्गै॒र्नक्षत्राणि रू॒पेण॑ पृथि॒वीं त्व॒चा जु॑म्ब॒काय॒ स्वाहा॑ ॥

     vídhṛtiṃ nā́bhyā dhṛtám̐ rásenāpó yūṣṇā́ márīcīrviprúḍbhirnīhārámūṣmáṇā śīnáṃ vásayā prúṣvā áśrubhirhrādúnīrdūṣī́kābhirasnā́ rákṣām̐si citrā́ṇyáṅgairnákṣátrā́ṇí rūpéṇa pṛthivī́ṃ tvacā́ jumbakā́ya svā́hā.

     I gratify Separation with his navel;
     Butter with his flavour;
     the Waters with his broth;
     Sunbeams with his drops of fat;
     Hoarfrost with his heat;
     Ice with his marrow;
     Hailstones with his tears;
     Thunderbolts with the rheum of his eyes;
     Rākṣasas with his blood;
     Bright things with his limbs;
     Stars with his beauty;
     Earth with his skin.
     All-hail to Jumbaka!

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of प्रुष्वा (pruṣvā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	प्रुष्वा pruṣvā	प्रुष्वे pruṣve	प्रुष्वाः pruṣvāḥ
Vocative	प्रुष्वे pruṣve	प्रुष्वे pruṣve	प्रुष्वाः pruṣvāḥ
Accusative	प्रुष्वाम् pruṣvām	प्रुष्वे pruṣve	प्रुष्वाः pruṣvāḥ
Instrumental	प्रुष्वया / प्रुष्वा¹ pruṣvayā / pruṣvā¹	प्रुष्वाभ्याम् pruṣvābhyām	प्रुष्वाभिः pruṣvābhiḥ
Dative	प्रुष्वायै pruṣvāyai	प्रुष्वाभ्याम् pruṣvābhyām	प्रुष्वाभ्यः pruṣvābhyaḥ
Ablative	प्रुष्वायाः / प्रुष्वायै² pruṣvāyāḥ / pruṣvāyai²	प्रुष्वाभ्याम् pruṣvābhyām	प्रुष्वाभ्यः pruṣvābhyaḥ
Genitive	प्रुष्वायाः / प्रुष्वायै² pruṣvāyāḥ / pruṣvāyai²	प्रुष्वयोः pruṣvayoḥ	प्रुष्वाणाम् pruṣvāṇām
Locative	प्रुष्वायाम् pruṣvāyām	प्रुष्वयोः pruṣvayoḥ	प्रुष्वासु pruṣvāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “प्रुष्वा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 711/3.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “pruṣvā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “प्रुष्वा”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 188
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 191