ἐχθρός

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See also: εχθρός

Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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Likely from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs (out), perhaps with suffix -ρός (-rós). If so, then Latin exter (< Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs-teros) is a particularly close cognate. See also ἔχθος (ékhthos, hatred, enmity).[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ἐχθρός (ekhthrósm (feminine ἐχθρᾱ́, neuter ἐχθρόν); first/second declension

  1. (with passive meaning) hated, hateful
  2. (with active meaning) hating, hostile [with dative or genitive ‘to someone or something’]
  3. (masculine or feminine, as substantive) enemy
  4. (ἐχθρόν ἐστι (ekhthrón esti), impersonal) it is displeasing, distasteful, unpleasant [with dative ‘for someone’ and infinitive ‘to do’]

Inflection

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Greek: εχθρός (echthrós), οχτρός (ochtrós)

References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἔχθος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 488-9

Further reading

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