χαῖος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• χαῖον (khaîon)

Etymology

The similarity with γαῖσος (gaîsos, “javelin”) is perhaps no coincidence, suggesting a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰoysós (“throwing spear”). However, further connection with Sanskrit हेषस् (heṣas, “quickness, vigour”) and हिनोति (hinoti, “to shoot, cast”), is both formally and semantically unconvincing.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰâi̯.os/ → /ˈçɛ.os/ → /ˈçe.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰâi̯.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰɛ.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈçɛ.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈçe.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈçe.os/

Noun

χαῖος • (khaîos) m (genitive χαίου); second declension

1. shepherd's staff or crook

   Synonym: καλαῦροψ (kalaûrops)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ χαῖος; τοῦ χαίου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ χαῖος ho khaîos	τὼ χαίω tṑ khaíō	οἱ χαῖοι hoi khaîoi
Genitive	τοῦ χαίου toû khaíou	τοῖν χαίοιν toîn khaíoin	τῶν χαίων tôn khaíōn
Dative	τῷ χαίῳ tôi khaíōi	τοῖν χαίοιν toîn khaíoin	τοῖς χαίοις toîs khaíois
Accusative	τὸν χαῖον tòn khaîon	τὼ χαίω tṑ khaíō	τοὺς χαίους toùs khaíous
Vocative	χαῖε khaîe	χαίω khaíō	χαῖοι khaîoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “χαῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• χαῖος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN