חרב

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
ח־ר־ב (ḥ-r-b)

From Proto-Semitic *x̣arb-.

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈχe.ʁev/

Noun

חֶרֶב • (khérev) f (plural indefinite חֲרָבוֹת, singular construct חֶרֶב־, plural construct חַרְבוֹת־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. sword
2. (fencing) sabre

Synonyms

• (sword): סַיִף

Derived terms

• חֶרֶב פִּיפִיּוֹת (khérev pifiyót)

Descendants

• → Ladino: aharvar

References

• H2719 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Etymology 2

Cognate to Aramaic חֲרוֺב (“be laid waste”), Classical Syriac ܚܪܒ (“be laid waste”), Arabic خَرِبَ (ḵariba, “to be ruined, be in ruins, be depopulated”).

Verb

חָרַב • (kharáv) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction) (intransitive)

1. to be destroyed, collapse, fall to destruction
2. to dehydrate, dry up

Conjugation

Conjugation of חָרַב (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 

non-finite forms		to-infinitive: לחרוב / לַחֲרֹב action noun: — passive participle: —
finite forms		singular		plural
		m.	f.	m.	f.
past	first	חָרַבְתִּי		חָרַבְנוּ
	second	חָרַבְתָּ	חָרַבְתְּ	חֲרַבְתֶּם1	חֲרַבְתֶּן1
	third	חָרַב	חָרְבָה	חָרְבוּ
present		חָרֵב	חֲרֵבָה	חֲרֵבִים	חֲרֵבוֹת
future	first	אֶחֱרַב		נֶחֱרַב
	second	תֶּחֱרַב	תֶּחֶרְבִי	תֶּחֶרְבוּ	תֶּחֱרַבְנָה2
	third	יֶחֱרַב	תֶּחֱרַב	יֶחֶרְבוּ	תֶּחֱרַבְנָה2
imperative		חֲרַב	חִרְבִי	חִרְבוּ	חֲרַבְנָה2
notes		Pronounced חָרַבְתֶּם and חָרַבְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

References

• H2718 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Anagrams

• בחר, ח־ב־ר, חבר