دردي
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Arabic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Aramaic דּוּרְדָּא / דֻּרְדָּא (durdā), its plural דּוּרְדֵּי / דֻּרְדֵּי (durdī), an Iranian loanword, represented by Persian درد (dord, “dregs”). For this ending in Aramaisms, compare نُمِّيّ (nummiyy), نُوتِيّ (nūtiyy), سَكِّيّ (sakkiyy).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
دُرْدِيّ • (durdiyy) m
- liquid sediment, lees, amurca
- 7th century CE, Sunan an-Nasāʾiyy, 51:211:
- سَأَلْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ «إِنَّا نَأْخُذُ دُرْدِيَّ الْخَمْرِ أَوِ الطِّلَاءَ فَنُنَظِّفُهُ ثُمَّ نَنْقَعُ فِيهِ الزَّبِيبَ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ نُصَفِّيهِ ثُمَّ نَدَعُهُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ فَنَشْرَبُهُ» قَالَ «يُكْرَهُ».
- saʔaltu ʔibrāhīma “ʔinnā naʔḵuḏu durdiyya al-ḵamri ʔawi ṭ-ṭilāʔa fanunaẓẓifuhu ṯumma nanqaʕu fīhi z-zabība ṯalāṯan ṯumma nuṣaffīhi ṯumma nadaʕuhu ḥattā yabluḡa fanašrabuhu” qāla “yukrahu”.
- I asked Ibrahim: “We take the lees of the wine or thick-wine and clean it, then soak it with raisins three days, then strain, then leave it until it has become ripe, and thus we drink it.” He said: “This is vile.”
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 21, Art. 1, page 86:
- وينميه ويحسن نباته إن يصب دردي الزيت على الماء الذي يسقى به أو يرش رشا على أصوله ثم يسقى بالماء بعد ذلك … وإن جعل فوق دردي الزيت من هذا الزبل الذي وصفنا كان أقوى للباقلى وأنمى.
- What adds to growth and beauty of the plants in particular is when amurca is added to the water used for watering them or sprinkling upon their stems, after this only using the water … and if over the amurca some of this sharn is put that we have described this adds to the strength and growth of the beans.
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun دُرْدِيّ (durdiyy)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | دُرْدِي durdī |
الدُّرْدِي ad-durdī |
دُرْدِي durdī |
| Nominative | دُرْدِيٌّ durdiyyun |
الدُّرْدِيُّ ad-durdiyyu |
دُرْدِيُّ durdiyyu |
| Accusative | دُرْدِيًّا durdiyyan |
الدُّرْدِيَّ ad-durdiyya |
دُرْدِيَّ durdiyya |
| Genitive | دُرْدِيٍّ durdiyyin |
الدُّرْدِيِّ ad-durdiyyi |
دُرْدِيِّ durdiyyi |
See also[edit]
- كُسْبَة (kusba, “oil cake”)
References[edit]
- “dwrdˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 148
- Hinds, Martin, Badawi, El-Said (1986) A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic[1], Beirut: Librairie du Liban, page 284
- Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden[2] (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 290
- Spiro, Socrates (1895) “دردي”, in An Arabic-English Vocabulary of the Colloquial Arabic of Egypt, 1st edition, Cairo: Al-Mokattam Printing Office, page 196