गण्

See also: गण, गुण, and गुणा

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গণ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬕᬡ᭄ (Balinese script)
• গণ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰜𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀡𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ဂဏ် (Burmese script)
• ગણ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਗਣ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑌣𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦟ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂝𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಗಣ್ (Kannada script)
• គណ៑ (Khmer script)
• ຄຓ຺ (Lao script)
• ഗണ് (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠠᢏ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘜𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠠᢏ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑦼𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐞𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଗଣ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢔꢠ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆟𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖜𑖿 (Siddham script)
• ගණ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩪 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚘𑚶 (Takri script)
• க³ண் (Tamil script)
• గణ్ (Telugu script)
• คณฺ (Thai script)
• ག་ཎ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒝𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨘𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Derived from Prakrit. Mayrhofer and Turner both reconstruct an original -ṛ- vowel to account for the variance of this root's -a- for -i- and -u- in the descendants.

Beyond this, the derivation is unclear. Turner connects it to Sanskrit गृणाति (gṛṇāti, “calls out, invokes”), from गॄ (gṝ), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH- (“to praise, greet”). Mayrhofer connects it to Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“to assemble, gather together”), whence also ग्राम (grāma). If so, cognates include Ancient Greek ᾰ̓γών (agṓn) and ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ (agorā́), and Latin grex.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɳ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɳ/

Root

गण् • (gaṇ)

1. to count, calculate

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root गण्‎ (0 c, 8 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• गणयति (gaṇayati, Present)
• अजीगणत् (ajīgaṇat, Aorist)

Non-Finite Forms

• गणय्य (gaṇayya, Gerund)
• गणेय (gaṇeya, Gerundive)
• गणनीय (gaṇanīya, Gerundive)
• गणितव्य (gaṇitavya, Gerundive)
• गण्य (gaṇya, Gerundive)
• गणित (gaṇita, Past Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

• गण (gaṇa)
• गणता (gaṇatā)
• गणत्व (gaṇatva)
• गणपति (gaṇapati)
• गणेश (gaṇeśa)
• गणेश्वर (gaṇeśvara)
• गणेशान (gaṇeśāna)
• गणक (gaṇaka)
• गणन (gaṇana)
• गणिका (gaṇikā)
• नगण्य (nagaṇya)

Descendants

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root गण्‎ (3 c, 0 e)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “गण्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0342.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 513