ὄνυξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ-. Cognates include Sanskrit नख (nakhá, “claw, nail”), Latin unguis, Old Armenian եղունգն (ełungn) and Old English nægel (English nail).

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /ónykʰs/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /ónykʰs/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /ónyxs/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /ónyks/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /óniks/

Noun

ὄνυξ (genitive ὄνυχος) m, third declension; (onuks)

1. claw, nail, hoof
2. Anything which resembles a claw or nail
   1. scraping tool
   2. onyx (gem)
   3. a kind of aromatic substance

Inflection

Third declension of ὄνυξ, ὄνυχος

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὄνυξ	ὄνυχε	ὄνυχες
Genitive	ὄνυχος	ὀνύχοιν	ὀνύχων
Dative	ὄνυχῐ	ὀνύχοιν	ὄνυξῐ(ν)
Accusative	ὄνυχᾰ	ὄνυχε	ὄνυχᾰς
Vocative	ὄνυξ	ὄνυχε	ὄνυχες

Descendants

• English: onyx
• Portuguese: ónix
• Russian: о́никс (óniks) m

References

• LSJ