ὄρχις

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃erǵʰi-. Cognates include Old Armenian որձիք (orjikʿ, “testicles”), Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬌 (ǝrǝzi), Albanian herdhe, and Irish uirge

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /órkʰis/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /órkʰis/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /órxis/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /órçis/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /óɾçis/

Noun

ὄρχις (genitive ὄρχεως) m, f, third declension; (orkhis)

1. (masculine, often plural) testicle
2. (masculine) ovary
3. (masculine) orchid
4. (feminine) a type of olive

Inflection

Third declension of ὄρχῐς, ὄρχεως

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὄρχῐς	ὄρχει	ὄρχεις
Genitive	ὄρχεως	ὀρχέοιν	ὄρχεων
Dative	ὄρχει	ὀρχέοιν	ὄρχεσῐ(ν)
Accusative	ὄρχῐν	ὄρχει	ὄρχεις
Vocative	ὄρχῐ	ὄρχει	ὄρχεις

Third declension of ὄρχῐς, ὄρχιος (Ionic, Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὄρχῐς	ὄρχιε	ὄρχιες
Genitive	ὄρχιος	ὀρχίοιν	ὀρχίων
Dative	ὄρχῑ, ὄρχει	ὀρχίοιν	ὄρχῐσῐ(ν), ὀρχίεσῐ(ν), ὄρχεσῐ(ν)
Accusative	ὄρχῐν	ὄρχιε	ὄρχῑς, ὄρχιᾰς
Vocative	ὄρχῐ	ὄρχιε	ὄρχιες

References

• LSJ
• Robert S. P. Beekes (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill Academic Publishers)