꾸미다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄭᅮ〮미다〮 (Yale: skwúmìtá). Compare 꾸리다 (kkurida).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [k͈umida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [꾸미다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | kkumida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | kkumida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kkumida |
| Yale Romanization? | kkwumita |
Verb[edit]
꾸미다 • (kkumida) (infinitive 꾸며 or 꾸미어, sequential 꾸미니)
- (transitive) to adorn, to decorate
- (transitive) to fabricate, to invent
- (transitive) to feign, to be affected
- (transitive, grammar) to modify
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the verb 꾸미다 (kkumida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 꾸민다 kkuminda |
꾸며 kkumyeo |
꾸며요, 꾸미어요 kkumyeoyo, kkumieoyo |
꾸밉니다 kkumimnida |
| Past | 꾸몄다 kkumyeotda |
꾸몄어 kkumyeosseo |
꾸몄어요 kkumyeosseoyo |
꾸몄습니다 kkumyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 꾸미느냐 kkumineunya |
꾸며 kkumyeo |
꾸며요, 꾸미어요 kkumyeoyo, kkumieoyo |
꾸밉니까 kkumimnikka |
| Past | 꾸몄느냐 kkumyeonneunya |
꾸몄어 kkumyeosseo |
꾸몄어요 kkumyeosseoyo |
꾸몄습니까 kkumyeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 꾸미자 kkumija |
꾸며 kkumyeo |
꾸며요, 꾸미어요 kkumyeoyo, kkumieoyo |
꾸미십시다 kkumisipsida | |
| Imperative | 꾸며라, 꾸미어라 kkumyeora, kkumieora |
꾸며 kkumyeo |
꾸며요, 꾸미어요 kkumyeoyo, kkumieoyo |
꾸밉시오 kkumipsio | |
| Assertive | 꾸미겠다 kkumigetda |
꾸미겠어 kkumigesseo |
꾸미겠어요 kkumigesseoyo |
꾸미겠습니다 kkumigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 꾸며 kkumyeo |
꾸며서, 꾸미어서 kkumyeoseo, kkumieoseo |
꾸미니 kkumini |
꾸미니까 kkuminikka | |
| Contrast | 꾸미지만 kkumijiman |
꾸미는데 kkumineunde |
꾸미더니 kkumideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 꾸미고 kkumigo |
||||
| Condition | 꾸미면 kkumimyeon |
꾸며야, 꾸미어야 kkumyeoya, kkumieoya |
|||
| Motive | 꾸미려고 kkumiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 꾸밈 kkumim |
꾸미기 kkumigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 꾸몄음, 꾸미었음 kkumyeosseum, kkumieosseum |
꾸몄기, 꾸미었기 kkumyeotgi, kkumieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 꾸민 kkumin | |||
| Present | 꾸미는 kkumineun | ||||
| Future | 꾸밀 kkumil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 꾸미신다 kkumisinda |
꾸미셔 kkumisyeo |
꾸미세요, 꾸미셔요 kkumiseyo, kkumisyeoyo |
꾸미십니다 kkumisimnida |
| Past | 꾸미셨다 kkumisyeotda |
꾸미셨어 kkumisyeosseo |
꾸미셨어요 kkumisyeosseoyo |
꾸미셨습니다 kkumisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 꾸미시느냐 kkumisineunya |
꾸미셔 kkumisyeo |
꾸미세요, 꾸미셔요 kkumiseyo, kkumisyeoyo |
꾸미십니까 kkumisimnikka |
| Past | 꾸미셨느냐 kkumisyeonneunya |
꾸미셨어 kkumisyeosseo |
꾸미셨어요 kkumisyeosseoyo |
꾸미셨습니까 kkumisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 꾸미시라 kkumisira |
꾸미셔 kkumisyeo |
꾸미세요 kkumiseyo |
꾸미십시오 kkumisipsio | |
| Assertive | 꾸미시겠다 kkumisigetda |
꾸미시겠어 kkumisigesseo |
꾸미시겠어요 kkumisigesseoyo |
꾸미시겠습니다 kkumisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 꾸미셔 kkumisyeo |
꾸미셔서 kkumisyeoseo |
꾸미시니 kkumisini |
꾸미시니까 kkumisinikka | |
| Contrast | 꾸미시지만 kkumisijiman |
꾸미시는데 kkumisineunde |
꾸미시더니 kkumisideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 꾸미시고 kkumisigo |
||||
| Condition | 꾸미시면 kkumisimyeon |
꾸미셔야 kkumisyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 꾸미시려고 kkumisiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 꾸미심 kkumisim |
꾸미시기 kkumisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 꾸미셨음 kkumisyeosseum |
꾸미셨기 kkumisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 꾸미신 kkumisin | |||
| Present | 꾸미시는 kkumisineun | ||||
| Future | 꾸미실 kkumisil | ||||