πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From πŒ°π†- (af-) +‎ *πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ (*dōjan), from Proto-Germanic *dōwijanΔ…; see also *dawjanΔ… (β€œto die”).

Verb[edit]

πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (afdōjan)

  1. (hapax) to confuse, trouble, vex
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Matthew 9:36:
      πŒ²πŒ°πƒπŒ°πŒΉπˆπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ 𐌸𐌰𐌽 πŒΈπ‰πƒ πŒΌπŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πŒ²πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πƒ πŒΉΜˆπŒ½π†πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ° 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌹̈𐌢𐌴, πŒΏπŒ½π„πŒ΄ π…πŒ΄πƒπŒΏπŒ½ πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΉ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 π†π‚πŒ°π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚π€πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉ πƒπ…πŒ΄ 𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌱𐌰 𐌽𐌹 πŒ·πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³π‰πŒ½πŒ° πŒ·πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ.
      gasaiΖ•ands ΓΎan þōs manageins Γ―nfeinōda Γ―n Γ―zΔ“, untΔ“ wΔ“sun afdauidai jah frawaurpanai swΔ“ lamba ni habandōna hairdeis.
      When he saw the crowds, he had compassion for them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd. (RSV)

Conjugation[edit]

Class 1 weak irregular
Infinitive πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
afdōjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°
afdōja 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
afdauida 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
afdōjada
2nd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒΉπƒ
afdōjis 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
afdauidΔ“s 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
afdōjaza
3rd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
afdōjiΓΎ 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
afdauida 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
afdōjada
1st dual πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπ‰πƒ
afdōjōs 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
afdauidΔ“du 		—
2nd dual πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
afdōjats 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
afdauidΔ“duts 		—
1st plural πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
afdōjam 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
afdauidΔ“dum 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
afdōjanda
2nd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
afdōjiΓΎ 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
afdauidΔ“duΓΎ 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
afdōjanda
3rd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
afdōjand 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
afdauidΔ“dun 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
afdōjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjau 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
afdauidΔ“djau 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjaidau
2nd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
afdōjais 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
afdauidΔ“deis 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjaizau
3rd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
afdōjai 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
afdauidΔ“di 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjaidau
1st dual πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
afdōjaiwa 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
afdauidΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
afdōjaits 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
afdauidΔ“deits 		—
1st plural πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
afdōjaima 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
afdauidΔ“deima 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjaindau
2nd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
afdōjaiΓΎ 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
afdauidΔ“deiΓΎ 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjaindau
3rd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
afdōjaina 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
afdauidΔ“deina 		πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒ΄πŒΉ
afdōei
3rd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjadau
2nd dual πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
afdōjats
2nd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
afdōjiþ
3rd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdōjandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ°π†πŒ³π‰πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
afdōjands 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒΉπŒΈπƒ
afdauiΓΎs

Further reading[edit]

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 1
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