𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

From Sanskrit जानाति (jānā́ti), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́ānáHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ānáHti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti (“to know”), from *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Cognate with Pali jānāti.

Verb

𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati)

1. to know

Alternative forms

Attested at Bairat, Brahmagiri, Calcutta-Bairat, Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Rupnath and Sahasram.

Dialectal forms of 𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (“to know”)
Variety	Location	Forms edit
Central	Delhi-Topra	𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati)
	Rupnath	𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati)
	Bairat	𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati)
	Sahasram	𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati)
	Calcutta-Bairat	𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati)
East	Dhauli	𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati)
South	Brahmagiri	𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (“to know”)
𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati) (7)

Descendants

• Central:
  • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï)
    • Awadhi: जानब (jānab)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀤𑀺 (jāṇadi)
    • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
      • Hindustani:

        Hindi: जानना (jānnā)

        Urdu: جاننا (jānnā)

    • Romani: ʒanel, janel, zsánel; zhanel; džanel
      • → Romanian: gini (“to notice, to observe, to pay attention to”)
• Eastern:
  • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀤𑀺 (yāṇadi)
    • Bengali-Assamese:
      • Assamese: জানা (zana), জনা (zona)
      • Bengali: জানা (jana)
      • Sylheti: ꠎꠣꠘꠣ (zana)
    • Bihari:
      • Bhojpuri: जानल (jānal)
      • Maithili: जानब (jānab)
    • Odia: ଜାଣିବା (jaṇiba)
• Northern:
  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Garhwali: जाण्नु (jāṇnu)
    • Kumaoni: जाण्णो (jāṇṇo)
    • Nepali: जान्नु (jānnu)
• Northwestern:
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Takka Apabhramsa:
      • Punjabi:

        Gurmukhi script: ਜਾਣਨਾ (jāṇnā)

        Shahmukhi script: جاننا (jānnā)

    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Sindhi:

        Arabic script: ڄَاڻَڻُ

        Devanagari script: ॼाणणु

• Southern:
  • Helu Prakrit:
    • Dhivehi: ދަންނަނީ (dan̊nanī)
    • Sinhalese: දන්නවා (dannawā)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï), 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀤𑀺 (jāṇadi); 𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀤𑀺 (yāṇadi); 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (jāṇāi)
    • Konkani: jāṇce

      Devanagari script: जाण्चे

      Kannada script: ಜಾಣ್ಚೆ

      Latin script: zannche

    • Old Marathi: jāṇaṇe

      Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹

      Devanagari script: जाणणे

      • Marathi: जाणणे (jāṇṇe)
• Western:
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀤𑀺 (jāṇadi)
    • Gurjar Apabhramsa:
      • Old Gujarati: जाणिवउं (jāṇivaũ)
        • Gujarati: જાણવું (jāṇvũ)
        • Marwari: जाणणौ (jāṇṇau)

References

• Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 146.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jānāˊti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press