𒅇𒆪𒊒𒌝

Akkadian

FWOTD – 9 July 2020

Etymology

Borrowed from Sumerian 𒀠𒃡𒊏 (al.ur₃.ra).

Noun

𒅇𒆪𒊒𒌝 • (Ù.KU.RU.UM /agurru, ukurru/)

1. kiln-fired brick
2. paving stone, tile, slab
3. an impost
4. a metal object

Descendants

• → Aramaic:

  Imperial Aramaic: 𐡀𐡂𐡅𐡓 (ʾgwr /⁠*ʾaggor⁠/)

  Classical Syriac: ܐܓܘܪܐ (ʾaggūrāʾ)

  Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אגורא (ʾaggurrā)

  • → Arabic: آجُرّ (ʔājurr)
    • → Northern Kurdish: acûr
    • → Persian: آجر (âjor), آجور (âjur), آگور (âgur), آگر (âgor)
      • → Ottoman Turkish: آجر (âcürr, âcür, âcer, âcir)
    • → Southwestern Fars: آجر (âjer)
  • → Old Persian: 𐎠𐎦𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎶 (agurum, “bricks”)
    • Persian: آگر (âgor), آگور (âgur)
    • → Old Armenian: ագուռ (aguṙ) (or ← Hurrian, or directly ← Akkadian)
      • Armenian: ագուռ (aguṙ), ագուր (agur)
        • → Ottoman Turkish: آگور (âgûr)
      • → Old Georgian: აგური (aguri)
        • Georgian: აგური (aguri), ანგური (anguri) (see there for further descendants)
• →? Ugaritic: 𐎜𐎂𐎗𐎎 (ủgrm, “bricks?”)

References

• “𒅇𒆪𒊒𒌝”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011, pages 160–163
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 5
• Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 31
• Diakonoff, Igor M. (1985) “Hurro-Urartian Borrowings in Old Armenian”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society‎^[2], volume 105, number 4, page 598b of 597–603
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “ագուռ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 79a
• Abajev, V. I. (1958) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, pages 35–36
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 91
• Klimov, G. A., Xalilov, M. Š. (2003) Словарь кавказских языков. Сопоставление основной лексики [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, pages 142–143
• Cabolov, R. L. (2001) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 68