Phrygian cap

English

Macedonian artefact from 100s CE displaying a Phrygian cap; its inscription says Astyanax, meaning “city overlord” in Ancient Greek.

Noun

Phrygian cap (plural Phrygian caps)

1. (Ancient Rome, Ancient Greece) A soft, close-fitting cap represented in Greek and Roman art as worn by Orientals, assumed to have been conical in shape, with the top bent forward.

   Hypernyms: liberty cap, cap of liberty

   Coordinate term: pileus

   • 1878, The Atlantic Monthly, volume 41, page 599:

     I have no doubt that his red Phrygian cap concealed a pair of pointed furry ears; but his tattered habiliments and the strips of gay cloth wound, brigand-like, about his calves were not able to hide the ungyved grace of his limbs.

2. (anatomy, medicine) A congenital abnormality of the gall bladder with no pathological significance, caused by a folding at the distal part of the fundus.

Translations

conical close-fitting cap with the top bent forward

• Arabic: قُبَّعَة فْرِيجِيَة f (qubbaʕa(t) frījiya)
• Basque: frigiar txano
• Belarusian: фрыгі́йскі каўпа́к m (fryhíjski kaŭpák), фракі́йскі каўпа́к m (frakíjski kaŭpák)
• Bulgarian: фригийска шапка f (frigijska šapka), шапка на свободата f (šapka na svobodata)
• Catalan: barret frigi m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 弗裡吉亞無邊便帽／弗里吉亚无边便帽 (Fúlǐjíyà wúbiān biànmào), 自由之帽 (zìyóu zhīmào)

• Czech: frygická čapka f
• Dutch: Frygische muts f
• Esperanto: friga ĉapo
• Estonian: früügia müts
• Finnish: fryygialaismyssy
• French: bonnet phrygien (fr) m
• German: phrygische Mütze f, (rare) skythische Mütze f
• Hebrew: מִצְנֶפֶת פְרִיגִיָּת f (mitznefét frigíyat)
• Italian: berretto frigio m, cappello frigio m, berretto di Frigia m
• Japanese: フリジア帽 (フリジアぼう, Furijia-bō)
• Korean: 프리기아 모자 (Peurigia moja)
• Limburgish: frygische mutsj f
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: frygisk lue m, frihetslue m, jakobinerlue m

  Nynorsk: frygisk hue f

• Persian: کلاه آزادی (kolâh âzâdi), کلاه فریژی (kolâh fariži)
• Polish: czapka frygijska f, czapka wolności f
• Portuguese: barrete frígio m, barrete da liberdade m
• Romanian: bonetă frigiană (ro) f
• Russian: фриги́йский колпа́к m (frigíjskij kolpák), фраки́йский колпа́к m (frakíjskij kolpák)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: фригијска ка̏па f

  Roman: frigijska kȁpa f

• Slovak: frýgická čiapka f, (rare) skýtska čiapka f
• Spanish: gorro frigio m
• Swedish: frygisk mössa (sv) c, frihetsmössa c, jakobinmössa c
• Turkish: Frigya başlığı
• Ukrainian: фригі́йський ковпа́к m (fryhíjsʹkyj kovpák)
• Western Panjabi: فرائیگین ٹوپی f (farīʾigiya ṭopī)

Further reading

• Phrygian cap on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Phrygian cap (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia