Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/regeti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti (to be straightening), the thematic root verb of the root Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (to straighten). Cognates with Latin rego (“I rule”) and Sanskrit राजति (rā́jati, “to direct; to steer; to rule”).
Verb
[edit]*regeti
- to stretch
- to straighten
Inflection
[edit]| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *regū | *regemam | *rixsū | ? |
| 2nd singular | *regesi | *regetās | *rixsesi | ? |
| 3rd singular | *regeti | *regeto | *rixseti | ? |
| 1st plural | *regomosi | *regemo | *rixsomosi | ? |
| 2nd plural | *regetesi | *regestē | *rixsetesi | ? |
| 3rd plural | *regonti | *regento | *rixsonti | ? |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *rexsū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *rexsesi | ? | *rege | |
| 3rd singular | *rexseti | ? | *regetou | |
| 1st plural | *rexsomosi | ? | *regomos | |
| 2nd plural | *rexsetesi | ? | *regete | |
| 3rd plural | *rexsonti | ? | *regontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *regūr | — | *rixsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *regetar | — | *rixsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *regetor | ? | *rixsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *regommor | — | *rixsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *regedwe | — | *rixsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *regontor | ? | *rixsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *rexsūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *rexsetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *rexsetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *rexsommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *rexsedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *rexsontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *rextos | *rextou | *rextoi |
| vocative | *rexte | *rextou | *rextoi |
| accusative | *rextom | *rextou | *rextoms |
| genitive | *rextī | *rextous | *rextom |
| dative | *rextūi | *rextobom | *rextobos |
| instrumental | *rextū | *rextobim | *rextobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *rextā | *rextai | *rextās |
| vocative | *rextā | *rextai | *rextās |
| accusative | *rextam | *rextai | *rextams |
| genitive | *rextās | *rextous | *rextom |
| dative | *rextai | *rextābom | *rextābos |
| instrumental | *? | *rextābim | *rextābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *rextom | *rextou | *rextā |
| vocative | *rextom | *rextou | *rextā |
| accusative | *rextom | *rextou | *rextā |
| genitive | *rextī | *rextous | *rextom |
| dative | *rextūi | *rextobom | *rextobos |
| instrumental | *rextū | *rextobim | *rextobis |
Derived terms
[edit]- *reginis
- *exs-regeti
- *to-regeti
- *ud-regeti? *eɸi-regeti? (the latter according to Hamp; the former according to almost everyone else)[1]
- Proto-Brythonic: *uɨrėɣɨd
- Middle Welsh: wyrein (verbal noun), wyre (3sg. pres.)
- Proto-Brythonic: *uɨrėɣɨd
- *uɸor-regeti
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Gordon, Randall Clark (2012) Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, page 274