Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱes-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kes-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ḱes-

1. to cut.

   Synonym: *sek-

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱes-‎ (1 c, 0 e)

• *ḱes-eh₁ye-ti
  • Proto-Italic: *kazēō
    • Latin: careō
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: castus
• *ḱs-ewl-os
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *śjaulas
    • Proto-Slavic: *šulъ (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *sūliz (“beam, post”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-West Germanic: *sūli (“pillar”) (see there for further descendants)
      • Old High German: sūl
• *ḱs-to-
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: castus
• *ḱs-so-?
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: cassus
• *ḱs-trom
  • Proto-Albanian: *tsatrā
    • Albanian: thadër
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćastrám
    • Sanskrit: शस्त्र (śastra)
      • → Hindi: शस्त्र (śastra) (learned)
      • → Odia: ଶସ୍ତ୍ର (śôstrô) (learned)
      • → Old Javanese: śastra
        • → Balinese: ᬲᬵᬲ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬭ (sastra, “arrow”)
      • →⇒ Telugu: శస్త్రము (śastramu)
      • →⇒ Punjabi: ਸ਼ਸਤਰ (śastar)
  • Proto-Italic: *kastrom (“knife; cut-off part”)
    • Latin: castrum (“castle, fortress”)
    • ⇒ Proto-Italic: *kastrāō
      • Latin: castrō (“I prune, castrate”)