Reconstruction:Proto-Oceanic/kapika

This Proto-Oceanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Oceanic

Noun

*kapika

1. A plant of the genus Syzygium, especially the Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense)

Descendants

• Admiralty Islands
  • Lou: keik
  • Seimat: ahi
• Western Oceanic
  • Meso–Melanesian
    • St. Matthias
      • Mussau-Emira: kaviu
    • Willaumez
      • Babatana: kapika
      • Bulu (New Guinea): kavika
      • Nakanai: gaiva
  • North New Guinea
    • Ngero–Vitiaz
      • Jabem: àiŋ
      • Mengen: gaiva
      • Tami: kapig
• Central-Eastern Oceanic
  • Southeast Solomonic
    • Bugotu–Gela
      • Gela: gaviga
    • Malaita–Makira
      • Arosi: 'ahi'a
      • Bauro: gahiga
      • Kwara'ae: 'afi'o
      • Lau: afio
      • Owa: gafiga
  • Temotu
    • >? Aiwoo: näve (< *na-kapika)
    • Teanu: ahie
  • Southern Oceanic
    • Northern Vanuatu
      • Raga: gaviga
      • Marino: gafiga
      • Espiritu Santo
        • Araki: haviha
        • Fortsenal: avia
        • Nokuku: kevika
        • Sakao: ne (< *na-kapika)
        • Tamambo: haviha
      • South Pentecost
        • Apma: kavik
      • Torres–Banks
        • Hiw: gevige
        • Lo-Toga: gevige
        • Mota: gaviga
        • Mwesen: gēvēg
        • Mwotlap: nagvēg
        • Vurës: gavēg
    • Central Vanuatu
      • Ambrym–Paama–Epi
        • Dakaka: have
        • Lewo: kavika
        • Namakura: kavik
        • Paama: ahie
      • Malakula
        • Eastern
          • Axamb: havëh
          • Maskelynes: haveh
          • Port Sandwich: xavik
          • Uripiv-Wala-Rano-Atchin: navi (< *na-kapika)
        • Western
          • Avava: avik (< *a-kapika)
          • Big Nambas: nav˝h (< *na-kapika)
          • Labo: nevüke (< *na-kapika)
          • Litzlitz: naavëkh (< *na-kapika)
          • Maragus: niivëkh (< *na-kapika)
          • Neverver: nakhavikh (< *na-kapika)
      • Shepherds-Efate
        • North Efate: nakavika (< *na-kapika)
          • → Bislama: nakavika
        • South Efate: nkavik (< *na-kapika)
  • South Vanuatu: *nə-ɣaviɣ (< *na-kapika) (Lynch 2001, p. 243)
    • Aneityum: inyehec (-y- is unexplained)
    • Tanna
      • Kwamera: nova
      • Lenakel: nəkəvək
  • New Caledonian-Loyalties
    • Iaai: xöiö
    • Kumak: caac
    • Nyâlayu: câc
    • Xârâcùù: këù
    • Yuaga: caai
• Central Pacific
  • Rotuman: hahi‘a (incomplete hahiạ‘)
  • Fijian: kavika
  • Proto-Polynesian: *kafika
    • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
      • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
        • Marquesic
          • Hawaiian: ʻōhiʻa
            • → English: ohia
            • → English: ohia
          • Mangarevan: keʻika
          • North Marquesan: kehika
          • South Marquesan: keʻika
        • Tahitic
          • Austral: haʻiʻa
          • Maori: kahika
            • ⇒ Maori: kahikatea (+ tea "white")
              • → English: kahikatea
            • → English: kahika
          • >? Rapa: kaeka
          • Rarotongan: kaʻika
          • Tahitian: ʻahiʻa
            • → Rapa Nui: hiha
      • Samoic-Outlier
        • >? Samoan: fi'afi'a
        • Ellician
          • Nuguria: kahika
          • Ontong Java: 'ahi'a
      • Futunic
        • Anuta: kapika
        • East Futuna: kafika
        • Futuna-Aniwa: kafika
        • Mele-Fila: kafika
        • Pileni: kahika
        • Tikopia: kafika
        • Wallisian: kafika
        • West Uvean: kafika
        • → Niuean: kafika
    • Tongic
      • Niuean: fekakai
      • Tongan: fekika