Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/turъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*tȗrъ

Etymology

PIE word
*táwros

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *taurás, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.

Cognate with Lithuanian taũras, Latvian tàurs, Old Prussian tauris, Ancient Greek ταῦρος (taûros), Latin taurus, Proto-Celtic *tarwos, Proto-Germanic *steuraz.

Noun

*tȗrъ m

1. aurochs (Bos primigenius)

Declension

Declension of *tȗrъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tȗrъ	*tȗra	*tȗri
genitive	*tȗra	*turù	*tũrъ
dative	*tȗru	*turomà	*turòmъ
accusative	*tȗrъ	*tȗra	*tȗry
instrumental	*tȗrъmь, *tȗromь*	*turomà	*turý
locative	*tȗrě	*turù	*turě̃xъ
vocative	*ture	*tȗra	*tȗri

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

nouns

• *turę n (“baby aurochs”)
• *turica f (“female aurochs”)
• *tuřьcь m (diminutive)

 

adjectives

• *turьjь (“pertaining to aurochs”)
• *tuřь (“pertaining to aurochs”)

 

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: туръ (turŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: туръ (tur)
      • Belarusian: тур (tur)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: тур (tur)
      • Ukrainian: тур (tur)
    • Russian: тур (tur)
  • Old Novgorodian: *туре (*ture)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: тоуръ (turŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⱅⱆⱃⱏ (turŭ)

    • Bulgarian: тур (tur)
    • Macedonian: тур (tur)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ту̑р

    Latin script: tȗr

  • Slovene: tȗr (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: tur (rare)
  • Old Czech: tur
    • Czech: tur
  • Old Polish: tur
    • Polish: tur
  • Polabian: täur
  • Slovak: tur
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: tur
    • Upper Sorbian: tur

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1973) “тур”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 4 (Т – Ящур), Moscow: Progress, page 122
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “тур”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 677: “псл. *turъ ― psl. *tur”
• Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2017), “тур”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 14 (трапкі́ – тэ́чка), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 239: “прасл. *turъ ― prasl. *turъ”
• Preobrazhensky, A. G. (1949) “тур”, in Obnorsky, S. P., editor, Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Т – Я), Moscow, Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, page 18