Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xorniti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Denominative verb from *xorna (“food, fodder”).

• Per Derksen, possibly a borrowing from Iranian (compare Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛar^əna, “food”).
• Per Vasmer, related to Latin servō (“to save”) (infinitive servāre), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬉 (haraitē, “to beware, to take care”), 𐬵𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (ha^uruuaⁱti, “to guard”); the connection with Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛar^əna, “food”) is "difficult".

Verb

*xorniti

1. to feed
2. to protect

Inflection

Conjugation of *xorniti, *xorni, *xornitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*xorňenьje	*xorniti	*xornitъ	*xornilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*xorňenъ	*xornimъ
Active	*xorňь	*xornę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*xornixъ	*xorni	*xorni	*xorňǫ	*xorniši	*xornitь
Dual	*xornixově	*xornista	*xorniste	*xornivě	*xornita	*xornite
Plural	*xornixomъ	*xorniste	*xornišę	*xornimъ	*xornite	*xornętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*xorňaaxъ	*xorňaaše	*xorňaaše	—	*xorni	*xorni
Dual	*xorňaaxově	*xorňaašeta	*xorňaašete	*xornivě	*xornita	—
Plural	*xorňaaxomъ	*xorňaašete	*xorňaaxǫ	*xornimъ	*xornite	—

Notes:
• (*)*xornivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *xorna (“food, fodder”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: хоронити (xoroniti) (11th century)
    • Belarusian: харані́ць (xaranícʹ)
    • Russian: хорони́ть (xoronítʹ)
    • Ukrainian: хорони́ти (xoronýty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: хранити (xraniti)

    Glagolitic: ⱈⱃⰰⱀⰻⱅⰻ (xraniti)

    • → Russian: храни́ть (xranítʹ)
  • Bulgarian: хра́ня (hránja)
  • Macedonian: храни (hrani)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: хра́нити

    Latin: hrániti

  • Slovene: hrániti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: chrániti
    • Czech: chránit
  • Polabian: xornĕ (“to feed”, 3sg.)
  • Old Polish: chronić
    • Polish: chronić
  • Slovak: chrániť (“to defend, to protect, to preserve”)
  • Slovincian: chônjic (“to protect”)

• → Romanian: hrăni (“to feed”)

References

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “храни́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 354
• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*xorniti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 205
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xorniti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 78
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хоро́на”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress