Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sāŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology 1

Compared to Proto-Mongolic *sïraxu (“earth”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*sāŕ

1. marsh, dirt

Declension

Declension of *sāŕ

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*sāŕ
Accusative	*sāŕnï, *sāŕïg 4), *sāŕnïg 1)
Genitive	*sāŕnïŋ
Dative	*sāŕka
Locative	*sāŕta
Ablative	*sāŕtan
Allative	*sāŕgaru
Instrumental 2)	*sāŕïn
Equative 2)	*sāŕča
Similative 2)	*sāŕlayu
Comitative 2)	*sāŕlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

• *siāŕlïk (“swamp, muddy place”)
• *siāŕgan (“carp; dragon”)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: шур (šur)
  • → Hungarian: sár
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz: (“reed”)
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: saz (“reed”)
    • Ottoman Turkish: صاز (saz)
      • Turkish: saz (“reed”), sazlık (“reed growth”)
      • Gagauz: saaz (“reed”)
  • Turkmen: sāz, sāzlyk (“reed growth”)
• Karluk:
  • Uzbek: soz
  • Uyghur: ساز (saz)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: [script needed] (haδ)
    • Tatar: саз (saz)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: саз (saz)
      • Nogai: саз (saz)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Southern Altai: сас (sas)
• Siberian:
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: сас (sas)

Etymology 2

Alternative reconstruction of Proto-Turkic *siaŕ (“white, yellowish white”). Doublet of Proto-Turkic *siarïg.

Noun

*sāŕ

1. white, yellowish white

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*si̯ā̀jri”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*si̯ắŕi”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill