Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yüŕük

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Derived from *yüŕ- which is also the source of *yüŕeŋgü (“stirrup”). No doubt related to Proto-Mongolic *döre (“ring”) and Proto-Tungusic *dur-, see Mongolian дөр (dör, “pin, collar, nose-ring”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Loaned as gyűrű (“ring”) in Hungarian, which, according to Clauson points to an earlier word initial /dʰ/.

Noun

yüŕük

1. ring

Declension

Declension of *yüŕük

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*yüŕük
Accusative	*yüŕükni, *yüŕüküg 4), *yüŕüknig 1)
Genitive	*yüŕükniŋ
Dative	*yüŕükke
Locative	*yüŕükde
Ablative	*yüŕükden
Allative	*yüŕükgerü
Instrumental 2)	*yüŕükün
Equative 2)	*yüŕükče
Similative 2)	*yüŕükleyü
Comitative 2)	*yüŕüklügü

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Related terms

• *yüŕeŋgü (“stirrup”)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: ҫӗрӗ (śĕrĕ)
  • → Hungarian: gyűrű

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: üzük
    • Ottoman Turkish: یوزوك (yüzük)
      • Turkish: yüzük
      • Gagauz: üzük
  • Turkmen: ýüzük
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: يُزُكْ (yüzük)
    • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (yüzük)
      • Chagatai: [script needed] (üzük)
        • Uzbek: uzuk
        • Uyghur: ئۈزۈك (üzük)
• Kipchak:
  • Kipchak: [script needed] (yüzük)
  • Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (yüzük)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: yüzük
    • Karachay-Balkar: джюзюк (cüzük), жюзюк (jüzük)
    • Kumyk: юзюк (yuzük)
    • Karaim: [script needed] ((y)üzük)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: йөҙөк (yöźök)
    • Tatar: йөзек (yözek)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: жүзік (jüzık)
      • Karakalpak: ju'zik
      • Nogai юзик (yuzik)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: жүзүк (jüzük)
      • Southern Altai: јӱстӱк (ǰüstük)
• Siberian:
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: һүһүөх (hühüöx)
    • Yakut: сүһүөх (sühüöq)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: чӱстӱк (çüstük)
      • Shor: чӱстӱк (čüstük)
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: чүстүк (çüstük)

Further reading

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jüŕ-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yüzük”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 986