dudula

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-dudula^?

1. (transitive) to push

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-dudula^?

1. (transitive) to push away
2. (transitive) to repel, to repulse, to beat back, to drive back

Inflection

Tone unknown
Infinitive	ukududula
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukududula	ukungaduduli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	dudula	-dudule
Plural	dudulani	-duduleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyadudula, ngidudula	engidudulayo, engidudula	ngidudula	angiduduli	engingaduduli	ngingaduduli
2nd singular	uyadudula, ududula	odudulayo, odudula	ududula	awududuli	ongaduduli	ungaduduli
1st plural	siyadudula, sidudula	esidudulayo, esidudula	sidudula	asiduduli	esingaduduli	singaduduli
2nd plural	niyadudula, nidudula	enidudulayo, enidudula	nidudula	aniduduli	eningaduduli	ningaduduli
Class 1	uyadudula, ududula	odudulayo, odudula	edudula	akaduduli	ongaduduli	engaduduli
Class 2	bayadudula, badudula	abadudulayo, abadudula	bedudula	abaduduli	abangaduduli	bengaduduli
Class 3	uyadudula, ududula	odudulayo, odudula	ududula	awududuli	ongaduduli	ungaduduli
Class 4	iyadudula, idudula	edudulayo, edudula	idudula	ayiduduli	engaduduli	ingaduduli
Class 5	liyadudula, lidudula	elidudulayo, elidudula	lidudula	aliduduli	elingaduduli	lingaduduli
Class 6	ayadudula, adudula	adudulayo, adudula	edudula	awaduduli	angaduduli	engaduduli
Class 7	siyadudula, sidudula	esidudulayo, esidudula	sidudula	asiduduli	esingaduduli	singaduduli
Class 8	ziyadudula, zidudula	ezidudulayo, ezidudula	zidudula	aziduduli	ezingaduduli	zingaduduli
Class 9	iyadudula, idudula	edudulayo, edudula	idudula	ayiduduli	engaduduli	ingaduduli
Class 10	ziyadudula, zidudula	ezidudulayo, ezidudula	zidudula	aziduduli	ezingaduduli	zingaduduli
Class 11	luyadudula, lududula	olududulayo, olududula	lududula	alududuli	olungaduduli	lungaduduli
Class 14	buyadudula, bududula	obududulayo, obududula	bududula	abududuli	obungaduduli	bungaduduli
Class 15	kuyadudula, kududula	okududulayo, okududula	kududula	akududuli	okungaduduli	kungaduduli
Class 17	kuyadudula, kududula	okududulayo, okududula	kududula	akududuli	okungaduduli	kungaduduli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngidudulile, ngidudulē	engidudulile, engidudulē	ngidudulile, ngidudulē	angidudulanga	engingadudulanga	ngingadudulanga
2nd singular	ududulile, ududulē	odudulile, odudulē	ududulile, ududulē	awududulanga	ongadudulanga	ungadudulanga
1st plural	sidudulile, sidudulē	esidudulile, esidudulē	sidudulile, sidudulē	asidudulanga	esingadudulanga	singadudulanga
2nd plural	nidudulile, nidudulē	enidudulile, enidudulē	nidudulile, nidudulē	anidudulanga	eningadudulanga	ningadudulanga
Class 1	ududulile, ududulē	odudulile, odudulē	edudulile, edudulē	akadudulanga	ongadudulanga	engadudulanga
Class 2	badudulile, badudulē	abadudulile, abadudulē	bedudulile, bedudulē	abadudulanga	abangadudulanga	bengadudulanga
Class 3	ududulile, ududulē	odudulile, odudulē	ududulile, ududulē	awududulanga	ongadudulanga	ungadudulanga
Class 4	idudulile, idudulē	edudulile, edudulē	idudulile, idudulē	ayidudulanga	engadudulanga	ingadudulanga
Class 5	lidudulile, lidudulē	elidudulile, elidudulē	lidudulile, lidudulē	alidudulanga	elingadudulanga	lingadudulanga
Class 6	adudulile, adudulē	adudulile, adudulē	edudulile, edudulē	awadudulanga	angadudulanga	engadudulanga
Class 7	sidudulile, sidudulē	esidudulile, esidudulē	sidudulile, sidudulē	asidudulanga	esingadudulanga	singadudulanga
Class 8	zidudulile, zidudulē	ezidudulile, ezidudulē	zidudulile, zidudulē	azidudulanga	ezingadudulanga	zingadudulanga
Class 9	idudulile, idudulē	edudulile, edudulē	idudulile, idudulē	ayidudulanga	engadudulanga	ingadudulanga
Class 10	zidudulile, zidudulē	ezidudulile, ezidudulē	zidudulile, zidudulē	azidudulanga	ezingadudulanga	zingadudulanga
Class 11	lududulile, lududulē	olududulile, olududulē	lududulile, lududulē	alududulanga	olungadudulanga	lungadudulanga
Class 14	bududulile, bududulē	obududulile, obududulē	bududulile, bududulē	abududulanga	obungadudulanga	bungadudulanga
Class 15	kududulile, kududulē	okududulile, okududulē	kududulile, kududulē	akududulanga	okungadudulanga	kungadudulanga
Class 17	kududulile, kududulē	okududulile, okududulē	kududulile, kududulē	akududulanga	okungadudulanga	kungadudulanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngādudula	engādudula	ngādudula	angidudulanga	engingadudulanga	ngingadudulanga
2nd singular	wādudula	owādudula	wādudula	awududulanga	ongadudulanga	ungadudulanga
1st plural	sādudula	esādudula	sādudula	asidudulanga	esingadudulanga	singadudulanga
2nd plural	nādudula	enādudula	nādudula	anidudulanga	eningadudulanga	ningadudulanga
Class 1	wādudula	owādudula	ādudula	akadudulanga	ongadudulanga	engadudulanga
Class 2	bādudula	abādudula	bādudula	abadudulanga	abangadudulanga	bengadudulanga
Class 3	wādudula	owādudula	wādudula	awududulanga	ongadudulanga	ungadudulanga
Class 4	yādudula	eyādudula	yādudula	ayidudulanga	engadudulanga	ingadudulanga
Class 5	lādudula	elādudula	lādudula	alidudulanga	elingadudulanga	lingadudulanga
Class 6	ādudula	ādudula	ādudula	awadudulanga	angadudulanga	engadudulanga
Class 7	sādudula	esādudula	sādudula	asidudulanga	esingadudulanga	singadudulanga
Class 8	zādudula	ezādudula	zādudula	azidudulanga	ezingadudulanga	zingadudulanga
Class 9	yādudula	eyādudula	yādudula	ayidudulanga	engadudulanga	ingadudulanga
Class 10	zādudula	ezādudula	zādudula	azidudulanga	ezingadudulanga	zingadudulanga
Class 11	lwādudula	olwādudula	lwādudula	alududulanga	olungadudulanga	lungadudulanga
Class 14	bādudula	obādudula	bādudula	abududulanga	obungadudulanga	bungadudulanga
Class 15	kwādudula	okwādudula	kwādudula	akududulanga	okungadudulanga	kungadudulanga
Class 17	kwādudula	okwādudula	kwādudula	akududulanga	okungadudulanga	kungadudulanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingadudula	—	ngingadudula	ngingedudule	—	ngingedudule
2nd singular	ungadudula	—	ungadudula	ungedudule	—	ungedudule
1st plural	singadudula	—	singadudula	singedudule	—	singedudule
2nd plural	ningadudula	—	ningadudula	ningedudule	—	ningedudule
Class 1	angadudula	—	engadudula	angedudule	—	engedudule
Class 2	bangadudula	—	bengadudula	bangedudule	—	bengedudule
Class 3	ungadudula	—	ungadudula	ungedudule	—	ungedudule
Class 4	ingadudula	—	ingadudula	ingedudule	—	ingedudule
Class 5	lingadudula	—	lingadudula	lingedudule	—	lingedudule
Class 6	angadudula	—	engadudula	angedudule	—	engedudule
Class 7	singadudula	—	singadudula	singedudule	—	singedudule
Class 8	zingadudula	—	zingadudula	zingedudule	—	zingedudule
Class 9	ingadudula	—	ingadudula	ingedudule	—	ingedudule
Class 10	zingadudula	—	zingadudula	zingedudule	—	zingedudule
Class 11	lungadudula	—	lungadudula	lungedudule	—	lungedudule
Class 14	bungadudula	—	bungadudula	bungedudule	—	bungedudule
Class 15	kungadudula	—	kungadudula	kungedudule	—	kungedudule
Class 17	kungadudula	—	kungadudula	kungedudule	—	kungedudule
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizodudula	engizodudula	ngizodudula	angizududula	engingezududula	ngingezududula
2nd singular	uzodudula	ozodudula	uzodudula	awuzududula	ongezududula	ungezududula
1st plural	sizodudula	esizodudula	sizodudula	asizududula	esingezududula	singezududula
2nd plural	nizodudula	enizodudula	nizodudula	anizududula	eningezududula	ningezududula
Class 1	uzodudula	ozodudula	ezodudula	akazududula	ongezududula	engezududula
Class 2	bazodudula	abazodudula	bezodudula	abazududula	abangezududula	bengezududula
Class 3	uzodudula	ozodudula	uzodudula	awuzududula	ongezududula	ungezududula
Class 4	izodudula	ezodudula	izodudula	ayizududula	engezududula	ingezududula
Class 5	lizodudula	elizodudula	lizodudula	alizududula	elingezududula	lingezududula
Class 6	azodudula	azodudula	ezodudula	awazududula	angezududula	engezududula
Class 7	sizodudula	esizodudula	sizodudula	asizududula	esingezududula	singezududula
Class 8	zizodudula	ezizodudula	zizodudula	azizududula	ezingezududula	zingezududula
Class 9	izodudula	ezodudula	izodudula	ayizududula	engezududula	ingezududula
Class 10	zizodudula	ezizodudula	zizodudula	azizududula	ezingezududula	zingezududula
Class 11	luzodudula	oluzodudula	luzodudula	aluzududula	olungezududula	lungezududula
Class 14	buzodudula	obuzodudula	buzodudula	abuzududula	obungezududula	bungezududula
Class 15	kuzodudula	okuzodudula	kuzodudula	akuzududula	okungezududula	kungezududula
Class 17	kuzodudula	okuzodudula	kuzodudula	akuzududula	okungezududula	kungezududula
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyodudula	engiyodudula	ngiyodudula	angiyududula	engingeyududula	ngingeyududula
2nd singular	uyodudula	oyodudula	uyodudula	awuyududula	ongeyududula	ungeyududula
1st plural	siyodudula	esiyodudula	siyodudula	asiyududula	esingeyududula	singeyududula
2nd plural	niyodudula	eniyodudula	niyodudula	aniyududula	eningeyududula	ningeyududula
Class 1	uyodudula	oyodudula	eyodudula	akayududula	ongeyududula	engeyududula
Class 2	bayodudula	abayodudula	beyodudula	abayududula	abangeyududula	bengeyududula
Class 3	uyodudula	oyodudula	uyodudula	awuyududula	ongeyududula	ungeyududula
Class 4	iyodudula	eyodudula	iyodudula	ayiyududula	engeyududula	ingeyududula
Class 5	liyodudula	eliyodudula	liyodudula	aliyududula	elingeyududula	lingeyududula
Class 6	ayodudula	ayodudula	eyodudula	awayududula	angeyududula	engeyududula
Class 7	siyodudula	esiyodudula	siyodudula	asiyududula	esingeyududula	singeyududula
Class 8	ziyodudula	eziyodudula	ziyodudula	aziyududula	ezingeyududula	zingeyududula
Class 9	iyodudula	eyodudula	iyodudula	ayiyududula	engeyududula	ingeyududula
Class 10	ziyodudula	eziyodudula	ziyodudula	aziyududula	ezingeyududula	zingeyududula
Class 11	luyodudula	oluyodudula	luyodudula	aluyududula	olungeyududula	lungeyududula
Class 14	buyodudula	obuyodudula	buyodudula	abuyududula	obungeyududula	bungeyududula
Class 15	kuyodudula	okuyodudula	kuyodudula	akuyududula	okungeyududula	kungeyududula
Class 17	kuyodudula	okuyodudula	kuyodudula	akuyududula	okungeyududula	kungeyududula
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngidudule	ngingaduduli
2nd singular	ududule	ungaduduli
1st plural	sidudule	singaduduli
2nd plural	nidudule	ningaduduli
Class 1	adudule	angaduduli
Class 2	badudule	bangaduduli
Class 3	ududule	ungaduduli
Class 4	idudule	ingaduduli
Class 5	lidudule	lingaduduli
Class 6	adudule	angaduduli
Class 7	sidudule	singaduduli
Class 8	zidudule	zingaduduli
Class 9	idudule	ingaduduli
Class 10	zidudule	zingaduduli
Class 11	lududule	lungaduduli
Class 14	bududule	bungaduduli
Class 15	kududule	kungaduduli
Class 17	kududule	kungaduduli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngadudula	ngangadudula, angadudula, angangadudula
2nd singular	wadudula	wangadudula, awadudula, awangadudula
1st plural	sadudula	sangadudula, asadudula, asangadudula
2nd plural	nadudula	nangadudula, anadudula, anangadudula
Class 1	wadudula	wangadudula, akadudula, akangadudula
Class 2	badudula	bangadudula, abadudula, abangadudula
Class 3	wadudula	wangadudula, awadudula, awangadudula
Class 4	yadudula	yangadudula, ayadudula, ayangadudula
Class 5	ladudula	langadudula, aladudula, alangadudula
Class 6	adudula	angadudula, awadudula, awangadudula
Class 7	sadudula	sangadudula, asadudula, asangadudula
Class 8	zadudula	zangadudula, azadudula, azangadudula
Class 9	yadudula	yangadudula, ayadudula, ayangadudula
Class 10	zadudula	zangadudula, azadudula, azangadudula
Class 11	lwadudula	lwangadudula, alwadudula, alwangadudula
Class 14	badudula	bangadudula, abadudula, abangadudula
Class 15	kwadudula	kwangadudula, akwadudula, akwangadudula
Class 17	kwadudula	kwangadudula, akwadudula, akwangadudula

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “dudula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “dudula (3.2.9)”