lautua

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɑu̯tuɑˣ/, [ˈlɑ̝u̯t̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑutuɑ
• Syllabification^(key): lau‧tu‧a

Etymology 1

Unknown. Cognates include Karelian lautuo, Lule Sami lawˈdâ (“dispersed”) and lawˈdât (“to spread, disperse”). Possibly from Proto-Germanic *laudaz (“great”), perhaps with +‎ -tua; compare lauti (“dispersed”), as well as Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (lauþs, “so great”) and 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (liudan, “to grow”).

Verb

lautua (dialectal, intransitive)

1. to spread, multiply; to grow stronger (particularly of skin conditions)

Usage notes

Dialectal distribution of lautua
Southern Tavastia (Etelä-Häme) [Tavastian dialects] Tammela Central Ostrobothnia (Keski-Pohjanmaa) [Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects] Nivala Northern Ostrobothnia (Pohjois-Pohjanmaa) [Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects] Hailuoto, Liminka, Muhos, Oulujoki, Pudasjärvi, Raahe, Rantsila, Tyrnävä, Utajärvi Kainuu [Savonian dialects] Puolanka, Sotkamo, Vuolijoki Northern Karelia (Pohjois-Karjala) [Savonian dialects] Kitee Central Karelia (Keski-Karjala) [Southeastern dialects] Gromovo (Sakkola), Kurkijoki, Melnikovskoye (Räisälä), Parikkala
The classification of and data for regional dialects is based on pre-1950s data. Since the 1950s, the dialects have become increasingly mixed, levelled and influenced by Standard Finnish. Besides Standard Finnish, a relatively uniform and originally urban 'colloquial Finnish' is beginning to emerge in their place, especially in the cities. Source: Suomen murteiden sanakirja by Kotimaisten kielten keskus (CC BY 4.0)

Conjugation

Inflection of lautua (Kotus type 52*F/sanoa, t-d gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		laudun	en laudu	1st sing.	olen lautunut	en ole lautunut
2nd sing.		laudut	et laudu	2nd sing.	olet lautunut	et ole lautunut
3rd sing.		lautuu	ei laudu	3rd sing.	on lautunut	ei ole lautunut
1st plur.		laudumme	emme laudu	1st plur.	olemme lautuneet	emme ole lautuneet
2nd plur.		laudutte	ette laudu	2nd plur.	olette lautuneet	ette ole lautuneet
3rd plur.		lautuvat	eivät laudu	3rd plur.	ovat lautuneet	eivät ole lautuneet
passive		laudutaan	ei lauduta	passive	on lauduttu	ei ole lauduttu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		lauduin	en lautunut	1st sing.	olin lautunut	en ollut lautunut
2nd sing.		lauduit	et lautunut	2nd sing.	olit lautunut	et ollut lautunut
3rd sing.		lautui	ei lautunut	3rd sing.	oli lautunut	ei ollut lautunut
1st plur.		lauduimme	emme lautuneet	1st plur.	olimme lautuneet	emme olleet lautuneet
2nd plur.		lauduitte	ette lautuneet	2nd plur.	olitte lautuneet	ette olleet lautuneet
3rd plur.		lautuivat	eivät lautuneet	3rd plur.	olivat lautuneet	eivät olleet lautuneet
passive		lauduttiin	ei lauduttu	passive	oli lauduttu	ei ollut lauduttu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		lautuisin	en lautuisi	1st sing.	olisin lautunut	en olisi lautunut
2nd sing.		lautuisit	et lautuisi	2nd sing.	olisit lautunut	et olisi lautunut
3rd sing.		lautuisi	ei lautuisi	3rd sing.	olisi lautunut	ei olisi lautunut
1st plur.		lautuisimme	emme lautuisi	1st plur.	olisimme lautuneet	emme olisi lautuneet
2nd plur.		lautuisitte	ette lautuisi	2nd plur.	olisitte lautuneet	ette olisi lautuneet
3rd plur.		lautuisivat	eivät lautuisi	3rd plur.	olisivat lautuneet	eivät olisi lautuneet
passive		lauduttaisiin	ei lauduttaisi	passive	olisi lauduttu	ei olisi lauduttu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		laudu	älä laudu	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		lautukoon	älköön lautuko	3rd sing.	olkoon lautunut	älköön olko lautunut
1st plur.		lautukaamme	älkäämme lautuko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		lautukaa	älkää lautuko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		lautukoot	älkööt lautuko	3rd plur.	olkoot lautuneet	älkööt olko lautuneet
passive		lauduttakoon	älköön lauduttako	passive	olkoon lauduttu	älköön olko lauduttu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		lautunen	en lautune	1st sing.	lienen lautunut	en liene lautunut
2nd sing.		lautunet	et lautune	2nd sing.	lienet lautunut	et liene lautunut
3rd sing.		lautunee	ei lautune	3rd sing.	lienee lautunut	ei liene lautunut
1st plur.		lautunemme	emme lautune	1st plur.	lienemme lautuneet	emme liene lautuneet
2nd plur.		lautunette	ette lautune	2nd plur.	lienette lautuneet	ette liene lautuneet
3rd plur.		lautunevat	eivät lautune	3rd plur.	lienevät lautuneet	eivät liene lautuneet
passive		lauduttaneen	ei lauduttane	passive	lienee lauduttu	ei liene lauduttu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		lautua		present	lautuva	lauduttava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st lautuakseni lautuaksemme 2nd lautuaksesi lautuaksenne 3rd lautuakseen lautuaksensa		past	lautunut	lauduttu
2nd	inessive2	lautuessa	lauduttaessa	agent3	lautuma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st lautuessani lautuessamme 2nd lautuessasi lautuessanne 3rd lautuessaan lautuessansa		negative	lautumaton
	instructive	lautuen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. 4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
3rd	inessive	lautumassa	—
	elative	lautumasta	—
	illative	lautumaan	—
	adessive	lautumalla	—
	abessive	lautumatta	—
	instructive	lautuman	lauduttaman
4th4	verbal noun	lautuminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st lautumaisillani lautumaisillamme 2nd lautumaisillasi lautumaisillanne 3rd lautumaisillaan lautumaisillansa

Derived terms

• lautuma

Related terms

• lauti

References

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
• “lautua”, in Suomen murteiden sanakirja [Dictionary of Finnish Dialects]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, incomplete, continuously updated), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten keskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2022, →ISSN.

Etymology 2

Compare lauhtua.

Verb

lautua (dialectal, rare, intransitive)

1. to weaken, to melt

Conjugation

Inflection of lautua (Kotus type 52*F/sanoa, t-d gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		laudun	en laudu	1st sing.	olen lautunut	en ole lautunut
2nd sing.		laudut	et laudu	2nd sing.	olet lautunut	et ole lautunut
3rd sing.		lautuu	ei laudu	3rd sing.	on lautunut	ei ole lautunut
1st plur.		laudumme	emme laudu	1st plur.	olemme lautuneet	emme ole lautuneet
2nd plur.		laudutte	ette laudu	2nd plur.	olette lautuneet	ette ole lautuneet
3rd plur.		lautuvat	eivät laudu	3rd plur.	ovat lautuneet	eivät ole lautuneet
passive		laudutaan	ei lauduta	passive	on lauduttu	ei ole lauduttu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		lauduin	en lautunut	1st sing.	olin lautunut	en ollut lautunut
2nd sing.		lauduit	et lautunut	2nd sing.	olit lautunut	et ollut lautunut
3rd sing.		lautui	ei lautunut	3rd sing.	oli lautunut	ei ollut lautunut
1st plur.		lauduimme	emme lautuneet	1st plur.	olimme lautuneet	emme olleet lautuneet
2nd plur.		lauduitte	ette lautuneet	2nd plur.	olitte lautuneet	ette olleet lautuneet
3rd plur.		lautuivat	eivät lautuneet	3rd plur.	olivat lautuneet	eivät olleet lautuneet
passive		lauduttiin	ei lauduttu	passive	oli lauduttu	ei ollut lauduttu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		lautuisin	en lautuisi	1st sing.	olisin lautunut	en olisi lautunut
2nd sing.		lautuisit	et lautuisi	2nd sing.	olisit lautunut	et olisi lautunut
3rd sing.		lautuisi	ei lautuisi	3rd sing.	olisi lautunut	ei olisi lautunut
1st plur.		lautuisimme	emme lautuisi	1st plur.	olisimme lautuneet	emme olisi lautuneet
2nd plur.		lautuisitte	ette lautuisi	2nd plur.	olisitte lautuneet	ette olisi lautuneet
3rd plur.		lautuisivat	eivät lautuisi	3rd plur.	olisivat lautuneet	eivät olisi lautuneet
passive		lauduttaisiin	ei lauduttaisi	passive	olisi lauduttu	ei olisi lauduttu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		laudu	älä laudu	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		lautukoon	älköön lautuko	3rd sing.	olkoon lautunut	älköön olko lautunut
1st plur.		lautukaamme	älkäämme lautuko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		lautukaa	älkää lautuko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		lautukoot	älkööt lautuko	3rd plur.	olkoot lautuneet	älkööt olko lautuneet
passive		lauduttakoon	älköön lauduttako	passive	olkoon lauduttu	älköön olko lauduttu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		lautunen	en lautune	1st sing.	lienen lautunut	en liene lautunut
2nd sing.		lautunet	et lautune	2nd sing.	lienet lautunut	et liene lautunut
3rd sing.		lautunee	ei lautune	3rd sing.	lienee lautunut	ei liene lautunut
1st plur.		lautunemme	emme lautune	1st plur.	lienemme lautuneet	emme liene lautuneet
2nd plur.		lautunette	ette lautune	2nd plur.	lienette lautuneet	ette liene lautuneet
3rd plur.		lautunevat	eivät lautune	3rd plur.	lienevät lautuneet	eivät liene lautuneet
passive		lauduttaneen	ei lauduttane	passive	lienee lauduttu	ei liene lauduttu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		lautua		present	lautuva	lauduttava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st lautuakseni lautuaksemme 2nd lautuaksesi lautuaksenne 3rd lautuakseen lautuaksensa		past	lautunut	lauduttu
2nd	inessive2	lautuessa	lauduttaessa	agent3	lautuma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st lautuessani lautuessamme 2nd lautuessasi lautuessanne 3rd lautuessaan lautuessansa		negative	lautumaton
	instructive	lautuen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. 4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
3rd	inessive	lautumassa	—
	elative	lautumasta	—
	illative	lautumaan	—
	adessive	lautumalla	—
	abessive	lautumatta	—
	instructive	lautuman	lauduttaman
4th4	verbal noun	lautuminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st lautumaisillani lautumaisillamme 2nd lautumaisillasi lautumaisillanne 3rd lautumaisillaan lautumaisillansa

References

• “lautua”, in Suomen murteiden sanakirja [Dictionary of Finnish Dialects]‎^[3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, incomplete, continuously updated), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten keskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2022, →ISSN.