باک

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠wāk⁠/), [Term?] (/⁠wāg⁠/), further etymology unknown. Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *bā(ia)-ka-, from Proto-Iranian *baiH- (“to fear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to fear, be afraid”). Compare Old Armenian վախեմ (vaxem).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [bɑːk]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑːk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑːk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑːk]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔːk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒːkʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔk]

Readings
Classical reading?	bāk
Dari reading?	bāk
Iranian reading?	bâk
Tajik reading?	bok

Noun

Dari	باک
Iranian Persian
Tajik	бок

باک • (bâk)

1. dread, fear

   Synonyms: ترس (tars), بیم (bim), هراس (harâs)

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 16:

     روزها گر رفت گو رو باک نیست
     تو بمان ای آن که چون تو پاک نیست

     rōz-hā gar raft gū raw bāk nēst
     tu bimān ay ān ki čōn tu pāk nēst

     If our days are gone, let them go!—'tis no matter [lit. there is no dread]. Do Thou remain, for none is holy as Thou art!

2. anxiety, care

   Synonym: اندیشه (andiše)

Derived terms

• بی‌باک (bi-bâk)

 

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: باك (bâk)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Russian бак (bak).

Pronunciation

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒːkʲ]

Readings
Iranian reading?	bâk

Noun

باک • (bâk)

1. gas tank

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “bak”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “bāk”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul