ἀγοστός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Maybe from an original "ἀγορ-στος" (collector), in which the first element derives from ἀγείρω (ageírō, “to collect”) and the second one from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰós-tos (“hand”), from *ǵʰes- (“hand”) (cognate with Latin hostus (“yield of an olive tree”) and Sanskrit हस्त (hásta, “hand”)). Beekes finds this proposal unconvincing.

According to Vasmer, ἀγορστος is cognate with Russian горсть (gorstʹ) and Proto-Slavic *gъrstь (“cupped hand”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.ɡos.tós/ → /a.ɣosˈtos/ → /a.ɣosˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.ɡos.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.ɡosˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.ɣosˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.ɣosˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.ɣosˈtos/

Noun

ἀγοστός • (agostós) m (genitive ἀγοστοῦ); second declension

1. (anatomy) flat of the hand
2. arm
3. dirt, filth

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ἀγοστός; τοῦ ἀγοστοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ἀγοστός ho agostós	τὼ ἀγοστώ tṑ agostṓ	οἱ ἀγοστοί hoi agostoí
Genitive	τοῦ ἀγοστοῦ toû agostoû	τοῖν ἀγοστοῖν toîn agostoîn	τῶν ἀγοστῶν tôn agostôn
Dative	τῷ ἀγοστῷ tôi agostôi	τοῖν ἀγοστοῖν toîn agostoîn	τοῖς ἀγοστοῖς toîs agostoîs
Accusative	τὸν ἀγοστόν tòn agostón	τὼ ἀγοστώ tṑ agostṓ	τοὺς ἀγοστούς toùs agostoús
Vocative	ἀγοστέ agosté	ἀγοστώ agostṓ	ἀγοστοί agostoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “ἀγοστός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀγοστός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀγοστός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN