檸檬

See also: 柠檬

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (檸檬)		檸	檬
simp. (柠檬)		柠	檬
2nd round simp.		宁𰰡
alternative forms		黎檬 黎朦 宜蒙 來檬／来檬 萊檬／莱檬

檸檬/柠檬

Etymology

Borrowed from English lemon (Huang, 2020); first attested in Volume I of Part II of A Dictionary of the Chinese Language in Three Parts [1819] by Robert Morrison (Huang, 2009).

For Taiwanese Min Nan lê-bóng and Hakka lê-móng, via Japanese 檸檬(レモン) (remon), from English lemon. For Philippine Hokkien, directly from English lemon.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): níngméng

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄥˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лиму (limu, I-II) / лиму (limu, I-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ning⁴ mung^4-1

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nen³ muung²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lê-móng
• Jin (Wiktionary): ning¹ meng¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): nìng-mùng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lê-bóng / lêng-bông / lê--mong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lêng⁵ mong⁵ / lêng⁵ mou⁵ / lam⁵ mong² / nam⁵ mong²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶gnin-mon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: níngméng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: níngméng
    • Wade–Giles: ning²-mêng²
    • Yale: níng-méng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ningmeng
    • Palladius: нинмэн (ninmɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niŋ³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лиму (limu, I-II) / лиму (limu, I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li²⁴ mou⁵¹/, /li²⁴ mou²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ning⁴ mung^4-1
    • Yale: nìhng mūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ning⁴ mung^4-1
    • Guangdong Romanization: ning⁴ mung^4-1
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɪŋ²¹ mʊŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: nen³ muung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿden²² ᵐbɵŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lê-móng
    • Hakka Romanization System: le´ mong`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: le¹ mong³
    • Sinological IPA: /le²⁴ moŋ³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ning¹ meng¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /nĩŋ¹¹ mə̃ŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nìng-mùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡiŋ⁵³⁻³³ muŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê-bóng
    • Tâi-lô: lê-bóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: le'borng
    • IPA (Taipei): /le²⁴⁻¹¹ bɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /le²³⁻³³ bɔŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, dated in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng-bông
    • Tâi-lô: lîng-bông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lengboong
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³⁻³³ bɔŋ²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³⁻²² bɔŋ¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê--mong
    • Tâi-lô: lê--mong
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lêng⁵ mong⁵ / lêng⁵ mou⁵ / lam⁵ mong² / nam⁵ mong²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lêng mông / lêng môu / lâm móng / nâm móng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ moŋ⁵⁵/, /leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ mou⁵⁵/, /lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ moŋ⁵²/, /nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ moŋ⁵²/

Note:

• lêng5 mong5/lêng5 mou5 - literary;
• lam5 mong2/nam5 mong2 - vernacular.

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶gnin-mon
    • MiniDict: nyin^去 mon
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyin-mon
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲin²² moŋ⁴⁴/

Noun

檸檬

1. lemon (fruit, tree)

Synonyms

• (obsolete) 黎檬子 (líméngzǐ), 黎朦子, 宜母子 (yímǔzǐ), 里木

Derived terms

• 檸檬水／柠檬水 (níngméngshuǐ)
• 檸檬汁／柠檬汁 (níngméngzhī)
• 檸檬烯／柠檬烯 (níngméngxī)
• 檸檬精／柠檬精 (níngméngjīng)
• 檸檬素／柠檬素
• 檸檬色／柠檬色 (níngméngsè)
• 檸檬茶／柠檬茶 (níngméngchá)
• 檸檬草／柠檬草 (níngméngcǎo)
• 檸檬酸／柠檬酸 (níngméngsuān)
• 檸檬醛／柠檬醛 (níngméngquán)
• 檸檬醬／柠檬酱 (níngméngjiàng)
• 檸檬香茅／柠檬香茅 (níngméng xiāngmáo)
• 甜檸檬心理／甜柠檬心理
• 青檸檬／青柠檬
• 食檸檬／食柠檬

 

Proper noun

檸檬

1. (～埠) (dated) Puerto Limón (a city, the capital city of Limón, Costa Rica)

Synonyms

• 利蒙

Japanese

Kanji in this term
檸	檬
れ Hyōgaiji	もん Hyōgaiji
irregular

Etymology

Borrowed from English lemon.

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓) and ateji (当て字), from Chinese 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) レ​モン [réꜜmòǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) レモン [rèmóń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɾe̞mõ̞ɴ]

Noun

檸檬(レモン) • (remon) 

1. Dated spelling of レモン (“lemon”).