닦다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 다ᇧ다〮 (Yale: tàsk-tá). From Old Korean 修叱去 (*TAsk-).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ta̠k̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [닥따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | dakda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | dakkda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | takta |
| Yale Romanization? | takkta |
Verb[edit]
| Base | 닦다 (dakda) |
|---|---|
| Causative | 닦이다 (dakkida) |
| Passive | 닦이다 (dakkida) |
닦다 • (dakda) (infinitive 닦아, sequential 닦으니) (transitive)
- to polish
- to wipe
- to clean; to brush
- to level
- to cultivate, train, practice; to undergo spiritual training
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the verb 닦다 (dakda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 닦는다 dangneunda |
닦아 dakka |
닦아요 dakkayo |
닦습니다 dakseumnida |
| Past | 닦았다 dakkatda |
닦았어 dakkasseo |
닦았어요 dakkasseoyo |
닦았습니다 dakkatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 닦느냐 dangneunya |
닦아 dakka |
닦아요 dakkayo |
닦습니까 dakseumnikka |
| Past | 닦았느냐 dakkanneunya |
닦았어 dakkasseo |
닦았어요 dakkasseoyo |
닦았습니까 dakkatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 닦자 dakja |
닦아 dakka |
닦아요 dakkayo |
닦으십시다 dakkeusipsida | |
| Imperative | 닦아라 dakkara |
닦아 dakka |
닦아요 dakkayo |
닦읍시오 dakkeupsio | |
| Assertive | 닦겠다 dakgetda |
닦겠어 dakgesseo |
닦겠어요 dakgesseoyo |
닦겠습니다 dakgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 닦아 dakka |
닦아서 dakkaseo |
닦으니 dakkeuni |
닦으니까 dakkeunikka | |
| Contrast | 닦지만 dakjiman |
닦는데 dangneunde |
닦더니 dakdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 닦고 dakgo |
||||
| Condition | 닦으면 dakkeumyeon |
닦아야 dakkaya |
|||
| Motive | 닦으려고 dakkeuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 닦음 dakkeum |
닦기 dakgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 닦았음 dakkasseum |
닦았기 dakkatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 닦은 dakkeun | |||
| Present | 닦는 dangneun | ||||
| Future | 닦을 dakkeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 닦으신다 dakkeusinda |
닦으셔 dakkeusyeo |
닦으세요, 닦으셔요 dakkeuseyo, dakkeusyeoyo |
닦으십니다 dakkeusimnida |
| Past | 닦으셨다 dakkeusyeotda |
닦으셨어 dakkeusyeosseo |
닦으셨어요 dakkeusyeosseoyo |
닦으셨습니다 dakkeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 닦으시느냐 dakkeusineunya |
닦으셔 dakkeusyeo |
닦으세요, 닦으셔요 dakkeuseyo, dakkeusyeoyo |
닦으십니까 dakkeusimnikka |
| Past | 닦으셨느냐 dakkeusyeonneunya |
닦으셨어 dakkeusyeosseo |
닦으셨어요 dakkeusyeosseoyo |
닦으셨습니까 dakkeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 닦으시라 dakkeusira |
닦으셔 dakkeusyeo |
닦으세요 dakkeuseyo |
닦으십시오 dakkeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 닦으시겠다 dakkeusigetda |
닦으시겠어 dakkeusigesseo |
닦으시겠어요 dakkeusigesseoyo |
닦으시겠습니다 dakkeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 닦으셔 dakkeusyeo |
닦으셔서 dakkeusyeoseo |
닦으시니 dakkeusini |
닦으시니까 dakkeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 닦으시지만 dakkeusijiman |
닦으시는데 dakkeusineunde |
닦으시더니 dakkeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 닦으시고 dakkeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 닦으시면 dakkeusimyeon |
닦으셔야 dakkeusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 닦으시려고 dakkeusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 닦으심 dakkeusim |
닦으시기 dakkeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 닦으셨음 dakkeusyeosseum |
닦으셨기 dakkeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 닦으신 dakkeusin | |||
| Present | 닦으시는 dakkeusineun | ||||
| Future | 닦으실 dakkeusil | ||||