émailler
French
Etymology
Verb
émailler
- to enamel
- (figuratively) to mar, spoil, blemish
- Une série d'incidents a émaillé l'événement. — A series of incidents marred the event.
Conjugation
Conjugation of émailler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | émailler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | émaillant /e.ma.jɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | émaillé /e.ma.je/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | émaille /e.maj/ |
émailles /e.maj/ |
émaille /e.maj/ |
émaillons /e.ma.jɔ̃/ |
émaillez /e.ma.je/ |
émaillent /e.maj/ |
| imperfect | émaillais /e.ma.jɛ/ |
émaillais /e.ma.jɛ/ |
émaillait /e.ma.jɛ/ |
émaillions /e.maj.jɔ̃/ |
émailliez /e.maj.je/ |
émaillaient /e.ma.jɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | émaillai /e.ma.je/ |
émaillas /e.ma.ja/ |
émailla /e.ma.ja/ |
émaillâmes /e.ma.jam/ |
émaillâtes /e.ma.jat/ |
émaillèrent /e.ma.jɛʁ/ | |
| future | émaillerai /e.maj.ʁe/ |
émailleras /e.maj.ʁa/ |
émaillera /e.maj.ʁa/ |
émaillerons /e.maj.ʁɔ̃/ |
émaillerez /e.maj.ʁe/ |
émailleront /e.maj.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | émaillerais /e.maj.ʁɛ/ |
émaillerais /e.maj.ʁɛ/ |
émaillerait /e.maj.ʁɛ/ |
émaillerions /e.ma.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
émailleriez /e.ma.jə.ʁje/ |
émailleraient /e.maj.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | émaille /e.maj/ |
émailles /e.maj/ |
émaille /e.maj/ |
émaillions /e.maj.jɔ̃/ |
émailliez /e.maj.je/ |
émaillent /e.maj/ |
| imperfect2 | émaillasse /e.ma.jas/ |
émaillasses /e.ma.jas/ |
émaillât /e.ma.ja/ |
émaillassions /e.ma.ja.sjɔ̃/ |
émaillassiez /e.ma.ja.sje/ |
émaillassent /e.ma.jas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | émaille /e.maj/ |
— | émaillons /e.ma.jɔ̃/ |
émaillez /e.ma.je/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “émailler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.