Γίγας

See also: γίγας

Ancient Greek

Ἡ τῆς Περγάμου γλυφὴ ὑφ' ἧς εἰκάζεται ἡ Γιγαντομαχία ἡ μάχη μετὰ τῶν θεῶν καὶ τῶν Γιγάντων

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly Pre-Greek, or perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *gag-, with cognates including Lithuanian gògas. Compare the morphology of Ancient Greek Ἀκράγᾱς (Akrágās).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡí.ɡaːs/ → /ˈʝi.ɣas/ → /ˈʝi.ɣas/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡí.ɡaːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡi.ɡas/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈʝi.ɣas/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈʝi.ɣas/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈʝi.ɣas/

Noun

Γῐ́γᾱς • (Gĭ́gās) m (genitive Γῐ́γᾰντος); third declension

1. one of the Gigantes; a Gigas

Declension

Third declension of ὁ Γῐ́γᾱς; τοῦ Γῐ́γᾰντος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ Γῐ́γᾱς ho Gĭ́gās	τὼ Γῐ́γᾰντε tṑ Gĭ́gănte	οἱ Γῐ́γᾰντες hoi Gĭ́găntes
Genitive	τοῦ Γῐ́γᾰντος toû Gĭ́găntos	τοῖν Γῐγᾰ́ντοιν toîn Gĭgắntoin	τῶν Γῐγᾰ́ντων tôn Gĭgắntōn
Dative	τῷ Γῐ́γᾰντῐ tōî Gĭ́găntĭ	τοῖν Γῐγᾰ́ντοιν toîn Gĭgắntoin	τοῖς Γῐ́γᾱσῐ / Γῐ́γᾱσῐν toîs Gĭ́gāsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν Γῐ́γᾰντᾰ tòn Gĭ́găntă	τὼ Γῐ́γᾰντε tṑ Gĭ́gănte	τοὺς Γῐ́γᾰντᾰς toùs Gĭ́găntăs
Vocative	Γῐ́γᾰν Gĭ́găn	Γῐ́γᾰντε Gĭ́gănte	Γῐ́γᾰντες Gĭ́găntes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of Γῐ́γᾱς; Γῐ́γᾰντος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	Γῐ́γᾱς Gĭ́gās	Γῐ́γᾰντε Gĭ́gănte	Γῐ́γᾰντες Gĭ́găntes
Genitive	Γῐ́γᾰντος Gĭ́găntos	Γῐγᾰ́ντοιῐ̈ν Gĭgắntoiĭ̈n	Γῐγᾰ́ντων Gĭgắntōn
Dative	Γῐ́γᾰντῐ Gĭ́găntĭ	Γῐγᾰ́ντοιῐ̈ν Gĭgắntoiĭ̈n	Γῐ́γᾱσῐ / Γῐ́γᾱσῐν / Γῐγᾰ́ντεσῐ / Γῐγᾰ́ντεσῐν / Γῐγᾰ́ντεσσῐ / Γῐγᾰ́ντεσσῐν Gĭ́gāsĭ(n) / Gĭgắntesĭ(n) / Gĭgắntessĭ(n)
Accusative	Γῐ́γᾰντᾰ Gĭ́găntă	Γῐ́γᾰντε Gĭ́gănte	Γῐ́γᾰντᾰς Gĭ́găntăs
Vocative	Γῐ́γᾰν Gĭ́găn	Γῐ́γᾰντε Gĭ́gănte	Γῐ́γᾰντες Gĭ́găntes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of ὁ Γῐ́γᾱς; τοῦ Γῐ́γᾰντος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ Γῐ́γᾱς ho Gĭ́gās	τὼ Γῐ́γᾰντε tṑ Gĭ́gănte	οἱ Γῐ́γᾰντες hoi Gĭ́găntes
Genitive	τοῦ Γῐ́γᾰντος toû Gĭ́găntos	τοῖν Γῐγᾰ́ντοιν toîn Gĭgắntoin	τῶν Γῐγᾰ́ντων tôn Gĭgắntōn
Dative	τῷ Γῐ́γᾰντῐ tōî Gĭ́găntĭ	τοῖν Γῐγᾰ́ντοιν toîn Gĭgắntoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν Γῐ́γᾱσῐ / Γῐ́γᾱσῐν toîsĭ(n) Gĭ́gāsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν Γῐ́γᾰντᾰ tòn Gĭ́găntă	τὼ Γῐ́γᾰντε tṑ Gĭ́gănte	τοὺς Γῐ́γᾰντᾰς toùs Gĭ́găntăs
Vocative	Γῐ́γᾰν Gĭ́găn	Γῐ́γᾰντε Gĭ́gănte	Γῐ́γᾰντες Gĭ́găntes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• γῐ́γᾱς (gĭ́gās)

Descendants

• Greek:
  • Γίγας (Gígas), γίγας (gígas)
  • Γίγαντας (Gígantas), γίγαντας (gígantas)
  • plural: Γίγαντες (Gígantes)
• Latin: gigas
  • Catalan: gegant
  • Emilian: żigànt
  • Old French: geant, gaiant
    • French: Géant; géant
      • English: giant
  • Friulian: gigant
  • German: Gigant
  • Italian: gigante
  • Occitan: gigant
  • Portuguese: gigante
  • Romanian: gigant
  • Sicilian: gilanti (obsolete), giganti
  • Spanish: gigante

References

• “Γίγας”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Γίγας in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,011