γαστήρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Dissimilation of earlier *γράστερ (*gráster, “devourer”), from γράω (gráō, “to eat”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡas.tɛ̌ːr/ → /ɣasˈtir/ → /ɣasˈtir/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡas.tɛ̌ːr/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡasˈte̝r/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣasˈtir/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣasˈtir/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣasˈtir/

Noun

γᾰστήρ • (gastḗr) f (genitive γᾰστέρος or γᾰστρός); third declension

1. belly
2. womb
3. stomach, appetite

Usage notes

The root of γᾰστήρ (gastḗr) contains an ε (e) between τ (t) and ρ (r) which is often syncopated, leading to alternate forms such as genitive singular γαστέρος (gastéros) and γαστρός (gastrós), dative singular γαστέρι (gastéri) and γαστρί (gastrí), dative plural γαστῆρσι (gastêrsi) and γαστράσι (gastrási). The syncopated form is generally more common in forms with long suffixes, such as the aforementioned. The inflection table below lists the more common forms.

Inflection

Irregular declension of ἡ γᾰστήρ; τῆς γᾰστέρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ γᾰστήρ hē gastḗr	τὼ γᾰστέρε tṑ gastére	αἱ γᾰστέρες hai gastéres
Genitive	τῆς γᾰστέρος / γᾰστρός tês gastéros / gastrós	τοῖν γᾰστέροιν toîn gastéroin	τῶν γᾰστέρων tôn gastérōn
Dative	τῇ γᾰστέρῐ / γᾰστρῐ́ têi gastéri / gastrí	τοῖν γᾰστέροιν toîn gastéroin	ταῖς γᾰστῆρσῐ / γᾰστῆρσῐν / γᾰστρᾰ́σῐ / γᾰστρᾰ́σῐν taîs gastêrsi(n) / gastrási(n)
Accusative	τὴν γᾰστέρᾰ tḕn gastéra	τὼ γᾰστέρε tṑ gastére	τᾱ̀ς γᾰστέρᾰς tā̀s gastéras
Vocative	γᾰστήρ gastḗr	γᾰστέρε gastére	γᾰστέρες gastéres
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: gaster
  • → English: gaster
• → New Latin: gastricus
  • → Catalan: gàstric
  • → English: gastric
  • → French: gastrique
    • → Romanian: gastric
• → Catalan: gastro-
• → English: gastro-
• → French: gastro-
• → German: gastro-
• → Italian: gastro-
• → Portuguese: gastro-
• → Spanish: gastro-

References

• “γαστήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γαστήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “γαστήρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• γαστήρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• γαστήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• γαστήρ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “γαστήρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1064 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • appetite idem, page 35.
  • belly idem, page 72.
  • maw idem, page 518.
  • paunch idem, page 599.
  • stomach idem, page 819.
  • womb idem, page 987.